ثورة الملاكمين
- الفترة
- أكتوبر 1899 – سبتمبر 1901
- الأطراف
- تحالف الدول الثماني vs الملاكمون وتشينغ
- المعارك
- 13
ثورة الملاكمين أو انتفاضة الملاكمين أو حركة يهيتوان ، هي انتفاضة وقعت في الصين ضد الإمبرالية وضد التدخل الأجنبي وضد المسيحية بين عامي 1899 و1901، في أثناء الفترة الأخيرة من حكم سلالة تشينغ.
المصادر: ويكيبيديا — ثورة الملاكمين · CC BY-SA 4.0
المعارك 13
أكتوبر 1899
Battle of Senluo Temple
The Battle of Senluo Temple was a clash between members of the "Militia United in Righteousness" and Qing government troops that took place on October 18, 1899, near a temple located on the western edge of Pingyuan County in northwestern Shandong. The Boxers were armed with swords, spears and a few hunting rifles. In a first skirmish they inflicted a few casualties on Qing troops and forced them to retreat, but the Qing army won the battle in a counterattack during which at least 27 Boxers were killed. After the Shandong authorities caught and executed the Boxer leaders in the following months, the Boxer movement died off in the immediate area, partly because local peasants could see that the Boxers' invulnerability rituals did not work. However, thanks to its non-centralized organization and driven by widespread support for its anti-Christian activities, the Boxer movement continued to spread quickly, culminating in the Boxer Rebellion that engulfed northern China in the spring and summer of 1900.
يونيو 1900 – أغسطس 1900
Siege of the International Legations
The Siege of the International Legations was a pivotal event during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, in which foreign diplomatic compounds in Peking were besieged by Chinese Boxers and Qing Dynasty troops. The Boxers, fueled by anti-foreign and anti-Christian sentiments, targeted foreigners and Chinese Christians, causing approximately 900 soldiers, sailors, marines, and civilians from various nations, along with about 2,800 Chinese Christians, to seek refuge in the Legation Quarter. The Qing government, initially ambivalent, ultimately supported the Boxers following international military actions. The siege lasted 55 days, marked by intense combat and a brief truce, until an international relief force arrived from the coast, defeated the Qing forces, and lifted the siege. The failure of the siege and the subsequent occupation of Peking by foreign powers effectively ended the Boxer movement and increased foreign influence and intervention in China.
يونيو 1900
Seymour Expedition
The Seymour Expedition was an attempt by a multinational military force led by Admiral Edward Seymour to march to Beijing and relieve the Siege of the Legations from attacks by Qing China government troops and the Boxers in 1900. The Chinese and Boxer fighters defeated the Seymour armies and forced them to return to Tianjin (Tientsin). It was followed later in the summer by the successful Gaselee Expedition.
يونيو 1900
Battle of the Taku Forts (1900)
The Battle of the Taku or Battle of Dagu Forts was a short engagement during the Boxer Rebellion between the Chinese Qing dynasty military and forces belonging to the Eight Nation Alliance in June 1900. European and Japanese naval forces captured the Taku forts after a brief but bloody battle with units of the Qing dynasty. Their loss prompted the Qing government to side with the Boxers while the Chinese army was ordered to resist all foreign military forces within Chinese territory. Allied powers remained in control of the forts until the end of the Boxer Rebellion in September 1901.
يونيو 1900
Battle of Langfang
The Battle of Langfang took place during the Seymour Expedition during the Boxer Rebellion, in June 1900, involving Chinese imperial troops, the Chinese Muslim Kansu Braves and Boxers ambushing and defeating the Eight-Nation Alliance expeditionary army on its way to Beijing, pushing the Alliance forces to retreat back to Tientsin (Tianjin).
يونيو 1900 – أغسطس 1900
Siege of Beitang
The Siege of Beitang was a siege carried out by the Boxer movement during the Boxer Rebellion against the Catholic mission of Beitang, defended by a force of 41 Italian-French sailors and 2,000 to 4,000 Chinese Christian refugees.
يوليو 1900 – نوفمبر 1900
Russian invasion of Manchuria
The Russian invasion of Manchuria or Chinese expedition occurred in the aftermath of the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895) when concerns regarding Qing China's defeat by the Empire of Japan, and Japan's brief occupation of Liaodong, caused the Russian Empire to speed up their long held designs for imperial expansion across Eurasia.
يوليو 1900
Battle of Tientsin
The Battle of Tientsin, or the Relief of Tientsin, occurred on 13–14 July 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion in Northern China. A multinational military force, representing the Eight-Nation Alliance, rescued a besieged population of foreign nationals in the city of Tianjin by defeating the Chinese Imperial army and Boxers. The capture of Tianjin gave the Eight-Nation Alliance a base to launch a rescue mission for the foreign nationals besieged in the Legation Quarter of Beijing and to capture Beijing.
أغسطس 1900
Battle of Peking (1900)
The Battle of Peking, or historically the Relief of Peking, was the battle fought on 14–15 August 1900 in Beijing, in which the Eight-Nation Alliance relieved the siege of the Peking Legation Quarter during the Boxer Rebellion. From 20 June 1900, Boxers and Imperial Chinese Army troops had besieged foreign diplomats, citizens and soldiers within the legations of Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Britain, France, Italy, The German Empire, Japan, Netherlands, The Russian Empire, Spain and the United States.
أغسطس 1900
Battle of Beicang
The Battle of Beicang, also rendered as the Battle of Peitsang, was fought August 5, 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion, between the Eight Nation Alliance and the Chinese Qing dynasty army. The Chinese army was forced out of its prepared entrenchments and retreated to Yangcun. The Japanese contingent led the Alliance attack; with contingents also being present from Russia, Britain, America and France.
أغسطس 1900
Battle of Yangcun
The Battle of Yangcun was a battle during the march of Eight-Nation Alliance forces from Tianjin to Beijing during the Boxer Rebellion. The Alliance forces defeated the Qing and were able to continue their march towards Peking.
أغسطس 1900
حملة جيسلي
كانت حملة جيسلي عبارة عن نجدة عسكرية ناجحة قامت بها قوة عسكرية متعددة الجنسيات هدفت للتقدم نحو بكين وحماية المفوضيات الدبلوماسية وأصحاب الجنسيات الأجنبية الموجودين في المدينة من الهجمات التي شُنَت عليها عام 1900. وكانت هذه الحملة جزءًا من حرب ثورة الملاكمين.
سبتمبر 1900
Battle of Beitang
The Battle of Beitang, during the Boxer Rebellion, was fought on September 20, 1900, between the Eight Nation Alliance and the Great Qing army.
أحداث قبلها وبعدها في المنطقة
- 1876معاهدة اليابان مع جوسون (1876)
- 1894 – 1895الحرب اليابانية الصينية الأولى
- 1897إمبراطورية كوريا
- أكتوبر 1899 – سبتمبر 1901ثورة الملاكمينهذه الصفحة
- 1904 – 1905الحرب الروسية اليابانية
- 1905معاهدة أولسا
- 1910المعاهدة اليابانية الكورية (1910)
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