الثورة المكسيكية (1910-1920)
- الفترة
- 1910 – 1920
- المعارك
- 23
الثورة المكسيكية هي انتفاضة شعبية مسلحة أندلعت في المكسيك بين أنصار فرانسيسكو ماديرو وأنصار بورفيريو دياث على عندما ندد فرانسيسكو ماديرو في 20 نوفمبر 1910 بالتزوير الانتخابي الذي دبره الرئيس بورفيريو دياز، ودعا إلى انتفاضة وطنية. ألقى بورفيريو دياز بفرانسيسكو ماديرو إلى السجن فهرب الأخير منه إلى الولايات المتحدة الاميركية حيث أعلن نفسه رئيساً ثم دخل بعد ذلك المكسيك ثانية بمعاونة العديد من الفلاحين الثوار. وفي مارس 1911 استطاعت جماعة صغيرة تنتمي إلى زاباتا من الاستيلاء على مدينة غواتلا وقطع الطريق المؤدية إلى العاصمة مكسيكو. بعد اسبوع على ذلك استقال دياز وغادر إلى أوروبا بعد أن عين رئيساً مؤقتاً خلفاً له ثم دخل زاباتا ومعه خمسة آلاف مقاتل إلى كورنافاكا عاصمة ولاية موريلوز.عاد ماديرو إلى البلاد ودخل العاصمة مكسيكو مكللاً بالنصر، والتقاه زاباتا الذي طلب منه ان يبذل قصارى جهده للضغط على الرئيس المؤقت لاعادة الأرض إلى الفلاحين. في المقابل أصرّ ماديرو على نزع سلاح الفلاحين الثوار وعرض على زاباتا مكافأة يستطيع بها شراء ارض له، فرفض زاباتا هذا العرض وبدأ بنزع سلاح جماعته لكنه توقف في اللحظة التي ارسل فيها الرئيس المؤقت جيشه لمحاربة الثوار.
المصادر: ويكيبيديا — الثورة المكسيكية (1910-1920) · CC BY-SA 4.0
المعارك 23
1911
Battle of Cuautla
The Battle of Cuautla was a battle between the forces of Emiliano Zapata and the federal army of the Mexican government that took place in the state of Morelos from May 11–19, 1911, during the Mexican Revolution. It has sometimes been described as "six of the most terrible days of battle in the whole Revolution". Eventually, the remains of the defending "Golden Fifth" regiment, the Fifth Cavalry Regiment of the Federal Army, withdrew and Zapata took control of the town. The Zapatista victory convinced Porfirio Díaz to come to terms with Francisco Madero, agree to the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez and resign as president.
1911
Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1911)
The First Battle of Ciudad Juárez took place in April and May 1911 between federal forces loyal to President Porfirio Díaz and rebel forces of Francisco Madero, during the Mexican Revolution. Pascual Orozco and Pancho Villa commanded Madero's army, which besieged Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. After two days of fighting the city's garrison surrendered and Orozco and Villa took control of the town. The fall of Ciudad Juárez to Madero, combined with Emiliano Zapata's taking of Cuautla in Morelos, convinced Díaz that he could not hope to defeat the rebels. As a result, he agreed to the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez, resigned and went into exile in France, thus ending the initial stage of the Mexican Revolution.
1911
Capture of Mexicali
The Capture of Mexicali, or the Battle of Mexicali, was the first action of the Mexican Revolution taken by rebel Magonistas against the federal government of Porfirio Díaz. Under the direction of Ricardo Flores Magón, a group of rebels captured the border town of Mexicali, Baja California, with little resistance.
1912
First Battle of Rellano
The First Battle of Rellano was an engagement on 24 March 1912 during the Mexican Revolution at the Rellano railroad station, in the state of Chihuahua. It was fought between government troops loyal to Francisco I. Madero, led by General José González Salas, and rebel troops under Pascual Orozco. The battle was a victory for Orozco.
1912
Second Battle of Rellano
The Second Battle of Rellano of 22 May 1912 was an engagement of the Mexican Revolution between rebel forces under Pascual Orozco and government troops under General Victoriano Huerta, at the railroad station of Rellano, Chihuahua. The battle was a setback for Orozco, who had defeated another government army at the First Battle of Rellano in March of the same year.
1913
Ten Tragic Days
The Ten Tragic Days is the name given to the multi-day coup d'état during the Mexican Revolution in Mexico City. It was staged by opponents of Francisco I. Madero, the democratically elected president of Mexico, between 9–19 February 1913. The coup instigated a second phase of the Mexican Revolution, after dictator Porfirio Díaz had been ousted and replaced in elections by Francisco I. Madero. The coup was carried out by general Victoriano Huerta and supporters of the old regime, with support from the United States, especially U.S. ambassador Henry Lane Wilson.
1913
Battle of Tierra Blanca
The Battle of Tierra Blanca was fought in 1913 during the Mexican Revolution. It took place about 35 miles (56 km) south of Ciudad Juárez. The outcome was a major victory for Francisco "Pancho" Villa over the forces of José Inés Salazar, commander of the federal forces loyal to then head of state Victoriano Huerta.
1913
First Battle of Torreón
The First Battle of Torreon, also known as the Capture of Torreon, which lasted from September 27 to October 1, 1913, was one of the battles of the Mexican Revolution, where revolutionaries led by Pancho Villa occupied a city protected by Huertist federal forces. The victory in his first large battle of the Mexican Revolution brought Villa not only a huge increase in prestige, but also considerable spoils of war in the form of urgently needed military equipment of all kinds.
1913
Battle of Nogales (1913)
The First Battle of Nogales was a military confrontation between Mexican federal forces and rebel Constitutionalists during the Mexican Revolution.
1913
Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1913)
The Second Battle of Ciudad Juárez, also known as the Capture of Ciudad Juárez or “Villa’s Trojan Train”, was a decisive rebel victory over the forces of Mexican president Victoriano Huerta. The federal garrison of the border city of Juárez was tricked into allowing 2,000 revolutionaries to enter the city on board a hijacked coal train. The revolutionaries crept out of the train under the cover of darkness and easily overcame the federal forces with a surprise attack.
1913
Battle of Zaragoza (1913)
The Battle of Zaragoza took place during the Mexican Revolution in late November 1913, a few days after the Battle of Tierra Blanca. Pancho Villa's trusted commander, the American soldier of fortune, E.L Holmdahl attacked the camp of a group of Huertist who were raiding rebel territory from the US. Holmdahl, despite being outnumbered, attacked and trapped the enemy, killing 172 while the remaining 28 were executed by his men against Holmdahl's orders.
1914
احتلال الولايات المتحدة لفيراكروز
بدأ احتلال الولايات المتحدة لفيراكروز مع نشوب معركة فيراكروز واستمر الاحتلال سبعة أشهر، وجاء كرد فعل على قضية تامبيكو في 9 أبريل 1914. وقعت الحادثة في خضم العلاقات الدبلوماسية السيئة بين المكسيك والولايات المتحدة، وكانت متعلقة بالثورة المكسيكية المُندلعة آنذاك.
1914
Battle of Zacatecas (1914)
The Battle of Zacatecas, also known as the Toma de Zacatecas, was the bloodiest battle in the campaign to overthrow Mexican President Victoriano Huerta. On June 23, 1914, Pancho Villa's División del Norte decisively defeated the federal troops of General Luis Medina Barrón defending the town of Zacatecas. The great victory demoralized Huerta's supporters, leading to his resignation on July 15. However, the Toma de Zacatecas also marked the end of support of Villa's Division of the North from Constitutionalist leader Venustiano Carranza and US President Woodrow Wilson.
1914
Battle of Ojinaga
The Battle of Ojinaga, also known as the Taking of Ojinaga, was one of the battles of the Mexican Revolution and was fought on January 11, 1914. The conflict put an end to the last stronghold of the Federal Army in Northern Mexico.
1914
Second Battle of Torreón
The Second Battle of Torreón, which lasted from March 21 to April 2, 1914, was one of the major battles of the Mexican Revolution, where revolutionaries led by Pancho Villa occupied a city protected by Huertist federal forces.
1915
Battle of Celaya
The Battle of Celaya, 6–15 April 1915, was part of a series of military engagements in the Bajío during the Mexican Revolution between the winners, who had allied against the regime of Gen. Victoriano Huerta and then fought each other for control of Mexico. The Constitutionalists under Gen. Venustiano Carranza faced off against the Army of the División del Norte of Pancho Villa. The first battle of Celaya was fought April 6–7, 1915, near Celaya in present-day Guanajuato, Mexico. The second battle of Celaya was fought April 15–16. These encounters between the Constitutionalist Army led by Gen. Álvaro Obregón, Venustiano Carranza's best general, and the army under the command of Pancho Villa were crucial in determining the outcome of the Mexican Revolution.
1916
Battle of Columbus (1916)
The Battle of Columbus, also known as the Burning of Columbus or the Columbus Raid, began on March 9, 1916, as a raid conducted by remnants of Pancho Villa's Division of the North on the small United States border town of Columbus, New Mexico, located 3 miles (4.8 km) north of the border with Mexico. The raid escalated into a full-scale battle between Villistas and the United States Army.
1916
Battle of Carrizal
The Battle of Carrizal occurred on June 21, 1916. It was a major skirmish between United States Army troops of General John J. Pershing's Punitive Expedition and Carrancista troops fought at the town of Carrizal in the Mexican state of Chihuahua.
1916
Battle of Guerrero
The Battle of Guerrero, or the Battle of San Gerónimo, in March 1916, was the first military engagement between the rebels of Pancho Villa and the United States during the Mexican Expedition. After a long ride, elements of the American 7th Cavalry Regiment encountered a large force of Villistas at the town of Guerrero in the state of Chihuahua. In what has been called the "last true cavalry charge," the Americans assaulted the town and routed the defenders, inflicting over seventy-five casualties on the Mexicans with the loss of only five men wounded.
1916
Battle of Parral
The Battle of Parral, on April 12, 1916, was the first battle between soldiers of Venustiano Carranza, known as Carrancistas, and the United States military during the Mexican Expedition. When a small force of American cavalry was leaving the city of Parral, in the Mexican state of Chihuahua, a superior force of Carrancista soldiers attacked which resulted in a bloody running engagement. Using a strategy of organized withdrawal, the Americans were able to repulse the Mexican attacks and safely escape to the fortified village of Santa Cruz de Villegas.
1916
Third Battle of Torreón
The Third Battle of Torreón from December 21 to 23, 1916, was one of the battles of the Mexican Revolution, where troops led by Pancho Villa occupied the city, protected by Carrancist forces.
1918
Battle of Ambos Nogales
The Battle of Ambos Nogales, or as it is known in Mexico La batalla del 27 de agosto, was an engagement fought on 27 August 1918 between Mexican military and civilian militia forces and elements of U.S. Army troops of the 35th Infantry Regiment, who were reinforced by the Buffalo Soldiers of the 10th Cavalry Regiment, and commanded by Lt. Col. Frederick J. Herman. The American soldiers and militia forces were stationed in Nogales, Arizona, and the Mexican soldiers and armed Mexican militia were in Nogales, Sonora. This battle was notable for being a significant confrontation between U.S. and Mexican forces during the Border War, which took place in the context of the Mexican Revolution and the First World War.
1919
Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1919)
The Third Battle of Ciudad Juarez, or simply the Battle of Juarez, was the final major battle involving the rebels of Francisco "Pancho" Villa. It began on June 15, 1919, when Villa attempted to capture the border city of Ciudad Juarez from the Mexican Army. During the engagement the Villistas provoked an intervention by the United States Army protecting the neighboring city of El Paso, Texas. The Americans routed the Villistas in what became the second largest battle of the Mexican Revolution involving the US, and the last battle of the Border War. With the American army closing in, the Villistas had no choice but to retreat. Pancho Villa then attacked Durango but lost again, so he retired to his home at Parral, Chihuahua in 1920, with a full pardon from the Carrancista government.
أحداث قبلها وبعدها في المنطقة
- حوالي 683Temple of the Inscriptions at Palenque
- 1325تينوتشتيتلان
- 1521سقوط تينوتشيتتلان
- 1910 – 1920الثورة المكسيكية (1910-1920)هذه الصفحة
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