Guerras de independência na América espanhola
- Período
- 1808 – 1833
- Lados
- Império Espanhol vs Independentistas
- Batalhas
- 27
As guerras de independência na América espanhola foram as numerosas guerras contra o Império Espanhol na América espanhola, que ocorreram durante o início do século XIX, a partir de 1808 até 1829. O conflito começou em 1808, com juntas estabelecidas no México e em Montevidéu, em reação aos acontecimentos da Guerra Peninsular. Os conflitos podem ser caracterizados tanto como uma guerra civil e uma guerra de libertação nacional como guerras internacionais, uma vez que a maioria dos combatentes de ambos os lados eram espanhóis e americanos, o objetivo do conflito por um lado foi a independência das colônias espanholas nas Américas. As guerras, em última instância, resultaram na formação de uma série de novos países independentes que se prolongam da Argentina e Chile, no sul, ao México, no norte. Apenas Cuba e Porto Rico permaneceram sob domínio espanhol, até a Guerra Hispano-Americana em 1898.
Fontes: Wikipédia — Guerras de independência na América espanhola · CC BY-SA 4.0
Batalhas 27
1810
Battle of Suipacha
The Battle of Suipacha was fought on 7 November 1810 in Bolivia during the Bolivian War of Independence between the Spanish colonial army and the Republican forces sent by the Primera Junta from Buenos Aires. At the time, Bolivia was known as Upper Peru. It was the first decisive defeat of the Royalists by Republican forces. The battle took place 25 km (16 mi) southeast of Tupiza, near the small town of Suipacha, on the margin of the Suipacha river in the Sud Chichas province.
1810
Battle of Cotagaita
The Battle of Cotagaita was fought on 27 October 1810 during the Campaign of Upper Peru in the Argentine War of Independence when the troops of the Army of the North were sent by the Primera Junta government in Buenos Aires to Upper Peru to fight the Royalists. It was the first skirmish of the Army of the North in this theatre. The battle was fought near the town of Santiago de Cotagaita, nowadays in the Potosí Department in Bolivia.
1811
Battle of Huaqui
The Battle of Huaqui or Battle of Guaqui-modern spelling-, was a battle on June 20, 1811, between the Primera Junta's revolutionary troops and the royalist troops of the Viceroyalty of Peru on the border between Upper Peru, resulting in a comprehensive defeat of the revolutionary armies.
1811
Siege of Montevideo (1811)
The first siege of Montevideo took place between May and October 1811, when the troops of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata unsuccessfully besieged the city of Montevideo, still held by Spanish loyalists.
1811
Battle of San Nicolás
The Battle of San Nicolás was a naval engagement on 2 March 1811 on the Paraná River between the Spanish royalists from Montevideo, and the first flotilla created by the revolutionary government of Buenos Aires. It was the first engagement between the two fleets in the Río de la Plata region since the revolution, and a royalist victory.
1812
Battle of Tucumán
The Battle of Tucumán was fought on 24 and 25 September 1812 near the Argentine city of San Miguel de Tucumán, during the Argentine War of Independence. The Army of the North, commanded by General Manuel Belgrano, defeated the royalist troops commanded by General Pío de Tristán, who had a two-to-one advantage in numbers, halting the royalist advance on Argentina's northwest. Together with the Battle of Salta, on 20 February 1813, the victory at Tucumán allowed the Argentine troops to reaffirm the borders under their control.
1812
Battle of Cerrito
The Battle of Cerrito, was a battle for the War of Independence of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, between the royalist forces who had control of the city of Montevideo and the rebel forces of the government of Buenos Aires.
1812 – 1814
Siege of Montevideo (1812–1814)
The event known as the second siege of Montevideo took place between 1812 and 1814, when the patriotic troops led by José Rondeau besieged the city of Montevideo, still held by Spanish loyalists under the leadership of Gaspar de Vigodet, governor of Montevideo. The siege was successful and marked the end of the Spanish presence in present-day Uruguay.
1813
Battle of San Lorenzo
The Battle of San Lorenzo was fought on 3 February 1813 in San Lorenzo, Argentina, then part of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata. The royalist troops were composed of militiamen recruited in Montevideo under the command of militia captain Antonio Zabala, who were defeated by the Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers under the command of José de San Martín. This battle was the baptism by fire for this military unit, as well as for San Martín in the Spanish American wars of independence.
1813
Battle of Salta
The Battle of Salta took place on February 20, 1813, on the plains of Castañares, north of the present-day Argentine city of Salta, during the Argentine War of Independence. The Army of the North, under the command of general Manuel Belgrano, defeated for the second time the royalist troops of general Pío de Tristán, after their victory in the previous September at the Battle of Tucumán. The unconditional surrender of the royalist troops ensured Argentine control over most of the northern territories of the former Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.
1813
Battle of Vilcapugio
The Battle of Vilcapugio was a major battle fought on October 1, 1813, during the second Campaign of Upper Peru in the Argentine War of Independence, where the United Provinces forces led by General Manuel Belgrano were defeated by a royalist army, led by Joaquin de la Pezuela.
1815
Battle of Viluma
The Battle of Viluma, also known as Battle of Sipe-Sipe, was a major battle in the South American wars of independence in which the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata were decisively defeated in Upper Peru by the Royal Army of Viceroyalty of Peru. The battle took place on November 29, 1815 on a plain west of Cochabamba, and resulted in the loss of Upper Peru for Buenos Aires. The area was reannexed by the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru.
1817
Batalha de Chacabuco
A Batalha de Chacabuco foi uma batalha decisiva da independência do Chile, na qual combateram o exército dos andes e o exército espanhol. Ocorreu em 12 de fevereiro de 1817 na fazenda de Chacabuco, redondezas de Santiago.
1818
Batalha de Maipú
A Batalha de Maipú foi uma batalha travada perto de Santiago, no Chile, em 5 de abril de 1818, entre rebeldes sul-americanos e realistas espanhóis, durante a guerra de independência do Chile. Os rebeldes patriotas liderados pelo general argentino José de San Martín efetivamente destruíram as forças espanholas comandadas pelo general Mariano Osorio e completaram a independência da área central do Chile da dominação espanhola.
1818
Battle of Cancha Rayada (1818)
The Battle of Cancha Rayada, was fought in Chile between South American patriots and Spanish royalists, during the Osorio's campaign in the South American wars of independence. The result was a defeat for the patriot forces, weeks later the patriots take their rematch at the Battle of Maipú.
1819
Batalha de Boyacá
A batalha de Boyacá em 1819 foi a batalha decisiva que garantiu o sucesso da campanha de Bolívar para libertar Nova Granada. A batalha de Boyaca é considerada o início da independência do norte da América do Sul, e é considerada importante porque levou às vitórias da batalha de Carabobo na Venezuela, Pichincha no Equador e Junín e Ayacucho no Peru.
1819
Batalha do Pântano de Vargas
A Batalha do Pantano de Vargas foi um confronto armado que ocorreu perto do município de Paipa em 25 de julho de 1819, entre tropas pró independência e tropas monarquistas na campanha de libertação para a independência da então Nova Granada, hoje Colômbia, Panamá, Venezuela e Equador.
1820
Battle of Camino Real
The Battle of Camino Real, was the first battle in the Ecuadorian War of Independence, that took place on 9 November 1820. The battle was fought between Royalist soldiers in support of the Spanish Empire, and the Patriot forces of the Free Province of Guayaquil, who won the battle.
1820
First Battle of Huachi
The First Battle of Huachi was the second battle in the Ecuadorian War of Independence, that took place on 22 November 1820 near Ambato, Ecuador. The battle was fought between Royalist soldiers in support of the Spanish Empire, and the Patriot forces of the Free Province of Guayaquil, who suffered a serious defeat.
1821
Batalha de Carabobo (1821)
A Batalha de Carabobo foi uma das principais ações militares da Guerra de Independência da Venezuela que ocorreu no Campo de Carabobo em 24 de junho de 1821, por parte do Exército Patriota contra o Exército Imperial Espanhol. Esta batalha foi decisiva na libertação de Caracas, bem como do resto do território venezuelano depois da expulsão definitiva das tropas espanholas na posterior batalha naval do Lago de Maracaibo.
1821
Battle of Yaguachi
The Battle of Yaguachi or Battle of Cone was a military confrontation that occurred on 19 August 1821 between Guayaquil independence troops and Grancolombian reinforcements, led by Antonio José de Sucre, against Royalist troops led by Colonel Francisco González. The battle was fought near the city of Yaguachi, current Province of Guayas in Ecuador, and was a victory for the Patriots which ensured the definitive independence of the Free Province of Guayaquil.
1821
Second Battle of Huachi
The Second Battle of Huachi was a confrontation that occurred on 12 September 1821 between pro-independence troops led by General Antonio José de Sucre and Royalist troops led by General Melchor Aymerich, president of the Real Audiencia of Quito. Sucre, after having won the Battle of Yaguachi on 19 August, advanced towards Quito. The Spanish, who followed closely, positioned themselves to do battle in a field called Huachi, where they had already defeated Guayaquil forces a year before.
1822
Batalha de Pichincha
A Batalha de Pichincha ocorreu em 24 de maio de 1822, no sopé do vulcão Pichincha, a mais de 3 000 metros de altitude, nos arredores da cidade de Quito, Equador.
1822
Battle of Ica
The Battle of Ica or Disaster at Macacona was a battle during the Peruvian War of Independence, which occurred on 7 April 1822 at the Hacienda Macacona near Ica, between the Liberation Army of Peru under command of Peruvian General Domingo Tristán, and the Spanish Royal Army under Gen. Brigadier José de Canterac. The Patriot army was decisively routed.
1823
Battle of Lake Maracaibo
The Battle of Lake Maracaibo also known as the "Naval Battle of the Lake" was fought on 24 July 1823 on Venezuela's Lake Maracaibo between fleets under the commands of Republican Admiral José Prudencio Padilla and royalist Captain Ángel Laborde.
1824
Batalha de Ayacucho
A Batalha de Ayacucho foi o último grande enfrentamento armado entre as campanhas terrestres das guerras de independência hispano-americanas e significou o fim definitivo dos vice-reinados na América espanhola. A batalha aconteceu no Pampa de la Quinua, em Ayacucho, no Peru, em 9 de dezembro de 1824. A vitória dos independentistas contra os realistas selou, de fato, a independência do Peru com uma série de cláusulas militares que se transformariam em um tratado diplomático anos mais tarde, em 1879.
1824
Batalha de Junín
A batalha de Junín foi um combate militar da Guerra de Independência do Peru, travado nas montanhas da região de Junín em 6 de agosto de 1824. Em fevereiro do mesmo ano, os monarquistas já tinham recuperado o controle de Lima e se reagruparam em Trujillo. Em junho, Simón Bolívar levou suas forças rebeldes até o sul para enfrentar os espanhóis comandados pelo Marechal de campo José de Canterac. Os dois exércitos se encontraram na planície de Junín, no noroeste do Vale de Jauja.
Antes e depois, por perto
- 1438Império Inca
- c. 1450Machu Picchu
- 1780 – 1783Rebelião de Túpac Amaru II
- 1808 – 1833Guerras de independência na América espanholaEsta página
- 1824Batalha de Ayacucho
- 1879 – 1884Guerra do Pacífico (1879–1884)
Quem governou esta terra
Estados aos quais pertencia este local segundo os dados de fronteiras históricas (Cliopatria). Os anos são aproximados, conforme o intervalo dos dados (de alguns anos a um século). Toque para abrir o mapa daquele ano.
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