Guerra Civil Iugoslava
- Período
- 1991 – 2001
- Batalhas
- 66
A Guerra Civil Iugoslava (português brasileiro) ou Jugoslava (português europeu) ou Guerras Iugoslavas (português brasileiro) ou Jugoslavas (português europeu) foram uma série de conflitos étnicos separados, mas relacionados, guerras de independência e insurgências que ocorreram na República Socialista Federativa da Iugoslávia de 1991 a 2001. Os conflitos levaram e resultaram da divisão da Iugoslávia, que começou em meados de 1991, em seis países independentes, correspondentes às seis entidades conhecidas como repúblicas que anteriormente constituíam a Iugoslávia: Eslovênia, Croácia, Bósnia e Herzegovina, Montenegro, Sérvia e Macedônia. As repúblicas constituintes da Iugoslávia declararam independência devido a tensões não resolvidas entre as minorias étnicas nos novos países, que alimentaram as guerras. Embora a maioria dos conflitos tenha terminado através de acordos de paz que envolveram o pleno reconhecimento internacional de novos Estados, resultaram num número enorme de mortes, bem como em graves danos económicos para a região.
Fontes: Wikipédia — Guerra Civil Iugoslava · CC BY-SA 4.0
Batalhas 66
1991
Batalha de Vukovar
A Batalha de Vukovar foi um cerco de 87 dias a cidade de Vukovar no leste da Croácia onde o Exército Popular da Iugoslávia, apoiados por várias forças paramilitares da Sérvia, combateu o Exército croata, entre agosto e novembro de 1991. Antes da Guerra de Independência da Croácia, a pequena cidade barroca era um local próspero com sua população sendo dividida entre croatas, sérvios e outros grupos étnicos. Enquanto a Iugoslávia se desintegrava, o presidente sérvio Slobodan Milošević e o presidente croata Franjo Tuđman iniciaram suas políticas internas de orientação nacionalista. Em 1990, uma incursão armada de milícias sérvio-croatas, apoiados pelo governo da Sérvia e por vários grupos paramilitares, tomou controle de áreas da Croácia onde a maioria da população era de origem sérvia. O exército iugoslavo então interveio em favor da rebelião e o conflito se tornou uma guerra aberta no leste croata na região da Eslavônia em maio de 1991. Em agosto, as forças armadas da Iugoslávia lançaram uma grande ofensiva militar contra a Croácia, atacando várias cidades, incluindo Vukovar.
1991 – 1992
Cerco de Dubrovnik
O cerco de Dubrovnik foi um confronto militar travado entre o Exército Popular Iugoslavo (JNA) e as forças croatas que defendiam a cidade de Dubrovnik e seus arredores, durante a Guerra de Independência da Croácia. O JNA iniciou o seu avanço em 1 de outubro de 1991 e, no final do mesmo mês, tinha capturado praticamente todos os territórios entre as penínsulas de Pelješac e Prevlaka, situadas na costa do mar Adriático — com exceção de Dubrovnik. O cerco foi acompanhado por um bloqueio da marinha da Iugoslávia. O bombardeio do Exército Popular em Dubrovnik ocorreu em 6 de dezembro de 1991. O bombardeio provocou crítica internacional e tornou-se um desastre de relações públicas para a Sérvia e Montenegro, contribuindo para seu isolamento diplomático e econômico, bem como o reconhecimento internacional da independência da Croácia. Em maio de 1992, o JNA retirou-se para a Bósnia e Herzegovina, e entregou seu equipamento ao recém-formado Exército da República Sérvia (VRS). Durante este tempo, o Exército Croata (HV) atacou do oeste e empurrou o JNA/VRS das áreas a leste de Dubrovnik, tanto na Croácia quanto na Bósnia e Herzegovina, e no final de maio se uniu à unidade de defesa do exército croata na cidade. Os combates entre as tropas croatas e iugoslavas a leste de Dubrovnik foram diminuindo gradualmente.
1991
Battle of Borovo Selo
The Battle of Borovo Selo of 2 May 1991, known in Croatia as the Borovo Selo massacre and in Serbia as the Borovo Selo incident, was one of the first armed clashes in the conflict which became known as the Croatian War of Independence. The clash was precipitated by months of rising ethnic tensions, violence, and armed combat in Pakrac and at the Plitvice Lakes in March. The immediate cause for the confrontation in the heavily ethnic Serb village of Borovo Selo, just north of Vukovar, was a failed attempt to replace the Yugoslav flag in the village with the flag of Croatia. The unauthorised effort by four Croatian policemen resulted in the capture of two by a Croatian Serb militia. To rescue the captives, the Croatian authorities deployed additional police, who drove into an ambush. Twelve Croatian policemen and one Serb paramilitary were killed before the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) intervened and put an end to the clashes.
1991
Batalha do Quartel
A Batalha do Quartel foi uma série de confrontos que ocorreram em meados do final de 1991 entre a Guarda Nacional Croata e a Polícia Croata de um lado e o Exército Popular Iugoslavo (JNA) do outro. A batalha ocorreu em vários postos do JNA na Croácia, começando quando as forças croatas bloquearam os quartéis do JNA, depósitos de armazenamento de armas e outras instalações. Começou formalmente em 14 de setembro; seu objetivo era neutralizar as posições do JNA no território controlado pela ZNG e garantir suprimentos de armas e munições para a ZNG mal equipada.
1991 – 1992
Battle of Osijek
The Battle of Osijek was the artillery bombardment of the Croatian city of Osijek by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) which took place from August 1991 to June 1992 during the Croatian War of Independence. Shelling peaked in late November and December 1991, then diminished in 1992 after the Vance plan was accepted by the combatants. Airstrikes and attacks by JNA infantry and armored units against targets in the city accompanied the bombardment, which caused approximately 800 deaths and resulted in a large portion of the city's population leaving. Croatian sources estimated that 6,000 artillery shells were fired against Osijek over the period.
1991
Siege of Kijevo
The 1991 siege of Kijevo was one of the earliest clashes of the Croatian War of Independence. The 9th Corps of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) led by Colonel Ratko Mladić and the forces of so-called Serbian Autonomous Oblast (region) of Krajina under Knin police chief Milan Martić besieged the Croat-inhabited village of Kijevo in late April and early May 1991. The initial siege was lifted after negotiations that followed major protests in Split against the JNA.
1991
Siege of Bjelovar Barracks
The siege of Bjelovar Barracks, also known by the codename Operation Bilogora, was the blockade and capture of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) barracks and other facilities in and around the city of Bjelovar, a part of the JNA 32nd (Varaždin) Corps, during the Croatian War of Independence. A general blockade of the JNA facilities in Croatia was ordered on 14 September 1991, and it continued until 29 September when the JNA garrison was captured by Croatian forces. Its capture occurred one week after the bulk of the 32nd Corps surrendered. It was part of the Battle of the Barracks—an effort by Croatian armed forces to isolate JNA units based at barracks in Croatia, or capture the barracks to provide arms for Croatia's nascent army.
1991
Operation Swath-10
Operation Swath-10 was a military offensive undertaken by the Croatian Army against the SAO Western Slavonia Territorial Defense Forces on Bilogora Mountain in western Slavonia. Occurring from 31 October to 4 November 1991, during the Croatian War of Independence, the operation was a Croatian victory and its success set the stage for follow-up advances by Croatian forces on Papuk Mountain in Operation Papuk-91 in late November and December. By the end of the year the HV gained control of Papuk, securing transport routes between eastern Slavonia and the rest of Croatia.
1991
Battle of Gospić
The Battle of Gospić was fought in the environs of Gospić, Croatia, from 29 August until 22 September 1991 during the Croatian War of Independence. The battle pitted the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), stationed in five barracks in the town, and paramilitary elements of the Serbian Guard against the Croatian National Guard (ZNG), police forces based in Gospić and police reinforcements from elsewhere in Croatia. Fighting in the eastern districts of Gospić, controlled by JNA forces with supporting artillery, was largely static but the balance shifted in favor of the Croatian forces following the capture of several JNA depots and barracks on 14 September. The remaining barracks were captured by 20 September leading to the expulsion of the JNA and Serbian Guard forces from the town.
1991
Battle of Šibenik
The Battle of Šibenik, also known as the September War, was an armed conflict fought between the Yugoslav People's Army, supported by the Croatian Serb-established Serbian Autonomous Oblast of Krajina, and the Croatian National Guard, supported by the Croatian Police. The battle was fought to the north and west of the city of Šibenik, Croatia on 16–22 September 1991, during the Croatian War of Independence. The JNA's initial orders were to relieve Croatian siege of their barracks in the city and isolate the region of Dalmatia from the rest of Croatia. The JNA's advance was supported by the Yugoslav Air Force and the Yugoslav Navy.
1991
Battle of Zadar
The Battle of Zadar was a military engagement between the Yugoslav People's Army, supported by the Croatian Serb Serbian Autonomous Oblast of Krajina, and the Croatian National Guard, supported by the Croatian Police. The battle was fought north and east of the city of Zadar, Croatia, in the second half of September and early October 1991 during the Croatian War of Independence. Although the JNA's initial orders were to lift the Croatian siege of the JNA's barracks in the city and isolate the region of Dalmatia from the rest of Croatia, the orders were amended during the battle to include capturing the Port of Zadar in the city centre. The JNA's advance was supported by the Yugoslav Air Force and Navy.
1991
Battle of the Dalmatian Channels
The Battle of the Dalmatian Channels was a three-day confrontation between three tactical groups of Yugoslav Navy ships and coastal artillery, and a detachment of naval commandos of the Croatian Navy fought on 14–16 November 1991 during the Croatian War of Independence. On 14 November, the commandos torpedoed the Mirna-class patrol boat PČ-176 Mukos close to the island of Brač in the Split Channel of the Adriatic Sea, prompting a Yugoslav naval bombardment of Brač and Šolta Island the same day. The drifting Mukos was salvaged by Croatian civilian boats and beached at Nečujam bay.
1991
Operation Stinger
Operation Stinger was an offensive undertaken by the forces of the SAO Krajina, an unrecognized Croatian Serb region opposing the Republic of Croatia, against positions held by the Croatian police in the region of Banovina on 26–27 July 1991, during the Croatian War of Independence. It was primarily aimed at police stations in Glina and Kozibrod, as well as police-held positions in a string of villages between the town of Dvor and Kozibrod. In addition to Glina and Kozibrod, heavy fighting took place in the village of Struga, north of Dvor, where Croatian Serb forces employed a human shield consisting of Croat civilians taken from their homes in Struga and the nearby village of Zamlača.
1991
Battle of Kusonje
The Battle of Kusonje was a two-day clash fought in the village of Kusonje near the town of Pakrac on 8–9 September 1991, during the Croatian War of Independence. The battle was initiated when a platoon of the Croatian National Guard was ambushed by Croatian Serb forces while conducting a reconnaissance patrol. The ZNG deployed reinforcements to extract the ambushed platoon, but failed to reach them. The surviving members of the platoon held out until they ran out of ammunition and surrendered only to be killed by their captors and buried in a mass grave.
1991
Siege of Varaždin Barracks
The siege of Varaždin Barracks, also referred to locally as Varaždin's days of war, was the blockade and capture of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) barracks and other facilities in and around the city of Varaždin during the Croatian War of Independence. The blockade began on 14 September 1991, quickly escalated into fighting, and ended on 22 September with the surrender of the JNA garrison. It was part of the Battle of the Barracks—an effort by Croatian armed forces to isolate JNA units based at barracks in Croatia, or capture the barracks to provide arms for Croatia's nascent army.
1991
Operation Whirlwind
Operation Whirlwind was a failed Croatian Army (HV) offensive in the Banovina region of Croatia, fought from 11–13 December 1991, during the early stages of the Croatian War of Independence. The offensive employed a single infantry brigade as the main attacking force, supported by a bridging unit and a handful of tanks and armoured personnel carriers. Although the offensive met hardly any resistance in its initial stage, achieving tactical surprise, the operation was poorly planned, supported and executed as a result of limited training and combat experience. The offensive established a short-lived bridgehead, evacuated in panic two days after the operation commenced, under tank and mortar fire from the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) deployed north of Glina.
1991
Battles of Glina (1991)
The Battle for Glina was an armed conflict between a Knindža unit supported by the JNA against the joint forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Croatia and the Croatian Army. Two battles were fought in Glina and both ended in serbian victories as they managed to capture of the police station, which became part of SAO Krajina.
1991
Battle of Logorište
The Battle of Logorište was fought east of Duga Resa and south of Karlovac, Croatia, from 4–6 November 1991 during the Croatian War of Independence, between the Croatian National Guard and the Yugoslav People's Army. The ZNG placed the JNA-held Logorište barracks under a blockade as part of the countrywide Battle of the Barracks, which aimed to pin down JNA units isolated in their bases and force them to surrender weapons and ammunition to the ZNG. However, the JNA garrison broke out from the besieged barracks with part of its stored equipment before the ZNG claimed the vacant base. The breakout was supported by JNA units and SAO Krajina units deployed to lift the blockade of the barracks and other JNA garrisons in Karlovac. A battle ensued as the ZNG attempted to contain advancing JNA units, ending with a ceasefire signed in The Hague.
1992 – 1996
Cerco de Sarajevo
O cerco de Sarajevo foi o mais longo cerco da história da guerra moderna, tendo sido realizado pelas forças sérvias da autoproclamada República Srpska e do Exército Popular Iugoslavo. Durou de 5 de abril de 1992 a 29 de Fevereiro de 1996, durante a Guerra da Bósnia, entre as mal equipadas Forças de Defesa da Bósnia e Herzegovina, o Exército Popular Iugoslavo e o Exército da República Srpska, situados nas colinas que rodeiam a cidade.
1992 – 1993
Siege of Mostar
The siege of Mostar was fought during the Bosnian War first in 1992 and then again later in 1993 to 1994. Initially lasting between April 1992 and June 1992, it involved the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) fighting against the Serb-dominated Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) after Bosnia and Herzegovina declared its independence from Yugoslavia. That phase ended in June 1992 after the success of Operation Jackal, launched by the Croatian Army (HV) and HVO. As a result of the first siege around 90,000 residents of Mostar fled and numerous religious buildings, cultural institutions, and bridges were damaged or destroyed.
1992
Operation Corridor 92
Operation Corridor 92 was the largest operation conducted during the Bosnian War by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) against the forces of the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and the Croatian Army (HV) in the Bosanska Posavina region of northern Bosnia and Herzegovina between 24 June and 6 October 1992. The objective of the offensive was to re-establish a road link between the city of Banja Luka in the west of the country and the eastern parts of the territory controlled by the Bosnian Serbs. The offensive was prompted by the capture of Derventa by the HV and the HVO – a move that blocked the single overland road between the VRS-controlled territories.
1992 – 1995
Siege of Bihać (1992–1995)
The siege of Bihać was a three-year-long siege of the northwestern Bosnian town of Bihać by the Army of the Republika Srpska, the Army of the Republic of Serbian Krajina and Bosnian Muslim dissenters led by Fikret Abdić during the 1992–1995 Bosnian War. The siege lasted for three years, from June 1992 until 4–5 August 1995, when Operation Storm ended it after the Croatian Army (HV) overran the rebel Serbs in Croatia and northwest of the besieged town.
1992
Battle of the Miljevci Plateau
The Battle of the Miljevci Plateau was a clash between the Croatian Army and forces of the Republic of Serbian Krajina (RSK), fought on 21–23 June 1992, during the Croatian War of Independence. The battle represented the culmination of a series of skirmishes between the HV and the RSK forces in Northern Dalmatia, after the implementation of the Vance plan and deployment of the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) began. The skirmishes occurred in the pink zones—areas under control of the RSK, but outside the UN Protected Areas established by the Vance plan.
1992
Operation Vrbas '92
Operation Vrbas '92 was a military offensive undertaken by the Army of Republika Srpska in June–October 1992, during the Bosnian War. The goal of the operation was the destruction of a salient around the central Bosnian town of Jajce, which was held by the Croatian Defence Council and the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The intensity of fighting varied considerably and involved several major VRS offensive efforts interspersed by relative lulls in fighting. Jajce fell to the VRS on 29 October 1992, and the town's capture was followed by the destruction of all its mosques and Roman Catholic churches.
1992
Operation Jackal
Operation Jackal, also known as Operation June Dawns, was an offensive of the Bosnian War fought between a combined Croatian Army (HV), Croatian Defence Forces (HOS) and Croatian Defence Council (HVO) army against the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) from 7–26 June 1992. The offensive was a Croatian pre-emptive strike against the VRS, a Bosnian Serb military formed in May 1992 from Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) units that were stationed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The HV concluded that the JNA offensive operations of April and May 1992, resulting in the capture of Kupres and much of the Neretva River valley south of Mostar, were aimed at capturing or threatening the Croatian Port of Ploče and possibly Split. To counter this threat, the Croatian leadership deployed the HV, under the command of General Janko Bobetko, to the "Southern Front" including the area in which Operation Jackal was to be conducted.
1992
Operation Hurricane-91
Operation Hurricane-91 was a military offensive undertaken by the Croatian Army against the Yugoslav People's Army and SAO Western Slavonia Territorial Defense Forces in the Sava River valley, in the region of Western Slavonia during the Croatian War of Independence. The operation began on 29 October 1991 and ended on 3 January 1992 when a nationwide ceasefire was signed to implement the Vance plan. The offensive was aimed at recapturing the region, in conjunction with two other HV offensives launched against SAO Western Slavonia in the north of the region within days.
1992
Battle of Kupres (1992)
The Battle of Kupres was a battle of the Bosnian War, fought between the Bosnian Croat Croatian Defence Forces (Hrvatske obrambene snage - HOS) supported by the Croatian Army troops on one side and the Yugoslav People's Army, augmented by the Bosnian Serb Territorial Defense Force, on the other. The battle took place at the Kupres Plateau from 3–11 April 1992. During the fighting on 8 April, the Bosnian Croat TO was reorganised as the Croatian Defence Council. The objective of the battle was to control the strategic Kupres Plateau, a major supply route.
1992 – 1995
Siege of Goražde
The siege of Goražde refers to engagements during the Bosnian War (1992–95) in and around the town of Goražde in eastern Bosnia.
1992
Operação Tigre
A Operação Tigre foi uma ofensiva do Exército Croata (HV) conduzida em áreas da Croácia e Bósnia e Herzegovina perto de Dubrovnik entre 1 e 13 de julho de 1992. Foi projetada para empurrar o Exército da Republika Srpska (VRS) para longe do cidade em direção ao campo de Popovo e garantir uma rota de abastecimento via Rijeka Dubrovačka, que foi conquistada no início de junho quando o cerco de Dubrovnik pelo Exército Popular Iugoslavo (JNA) foi levantado. O sucesso da operação foi facilitado pelo estabelecimento do comando da Frente Sul do HV e a conclusão bem-sucedida das operações de maio a junho de 1992 contra o VRS no vale do rio Neretva, que terminou com a Operação Chacal.
1992
Operation Bura
Operation Bura, also known as the Mitrovdan Offensive, was a military operation conducted from 8 to 13 November 1992 during the Bosnian War. It took place in the area of Vranjevići near Nevesinje in eastern Herzegovina, where combined Croat–Bosniak forces attempted to break through the defensive lines of the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). The battle ended in a defensive victory for the VRS, which maintained control of the region and repelled the attacks.
1992
Operation Baranja
Operation Baranja was an aborted offensive of the Croatian Army north of the towns of Belišće and Valpovo, Croatia on 3 April 1992 during the Croatian War of Independence. The offensive quickly gained ground after the HV advanced north of the Drava River into Baranja. The defending force of the Croatian Serb Territorial Defence Force supported by the Yugoslav People's Army artillery were caught unprepared and offered light resistance.
1992 – 1995
Siege of Žepa
The Siege of Žepa was a three-year long siege of the small Bosnian town of Žepa which had lasted from the summer of 1992 – July 1995 during the Bosnian War. It was initially besieged by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and then by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). Throughout the siege, Žepa was part of the Srebrenica–Žepa link in eastern Bosnia. From April 1992 – February 1993, the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) and the civilians of Žepa resisted the Bosnian Serb army using guerrilla warfare tactics.
1992
Battle of Žuč
The Battle of Žuč was a strategic defensive military victory of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the defeat of The Army of Republika Srpska that took place on the 8th June 1992 at the strategic hill of Žuč, located in the municipality of Novi Grad, Sarajevo.
1993
Operation Medak Pocket
Operation Medak Pocket, officially called by Croatians Operation Pocket-93 (Operacija Džep-93) was a military operation undertaken by the Croatian Army between 9 – 17 September 1993, in which a salient reaching the south suburbs of Gospić, in the south-central Lika region of Croatia then under the control of the self-proclaimed Republic of Serbian Krajina, was attacked by Croatian forces. The pocket was named after the village of Medak.
1993
Operation Maslenica
Operation Maslenica was a Croatian Army offensive launched in January 1993 to retake territory in northern Dalmatia and Lika from Krajina Serb forces, with the stated military objective of pushing the Serbs back from approaches to Zadar, Maslenica and Karlobag, allowing a secure land route between Dalmatia and northern Croatia to be opened. While an undoubted net Croatian tactical success, the operation was only a moderate strategic success, and was condemned by the UN Security Council.
1993
Ataque de Kravica (1993)
O ataque de Kravica foi um ataque à aldeia sérvia bósnia de Kravica pelo Exército da República da Bósnia e Herzegovina (ERBH) a partir do enclave de Srebrenica no dia de Natal ortodoxo, 7 de janeiro de 1993. Durante a Guerra da Bósnia, o enclave de Srebrenica foi cercado pelas forças sérvias, que raramente permitiam que a ajuda humanitária entrasse na área, criando fome e falta de medicamentos entre os habitantes de Srebrenica. Alega-se que a ERBH atacou, entre outros objetivos, para encontrar alimentos, mas também para adquirir armas, munições e equipamento militar. O ataque foi organizado para coincidir com o Natal ortodoxo sérvio, deixando os sérvios despreparados para qualquer ataque. 43-46 pessoas morreram no ataque ao lado sérvio: 30-35 soldados e 11-13 civis. O evento ainda é marcado por polêmicas. A República Sérvia alegou que todas as casas foram sistematicamente incendiadas pelo grupo armado bósnio, mas isso não pôde ser verificado de forma independente durante o julgamento de Naser Orić pelo TPIJ, onde os juízes concluíram que muitas casas já haviam sido destruídas anteriormente durante a guerra. As baixas civis na vila levaram a alegações da Sérvia de que as forças bósnias haviam realizado um massacre. Orić foi absolvido das acusações relacionadas aos assassinatos e, mais tarde, absolvido de todas as acusações em apelação.
1993
Operation Neretva '93
Operation Neretva '93 was an Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) operation against the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) in September 1993 on a 200 km long front from Gornji Vakuf to south of Mostar, one of its largest of the year, during the Croat–Bosniak War. The ARBiH made limited gains in the area of northern Herzegovina and around Mostar, but did not achieve a breakthrough to the southern Neretva, where the HVO retained control. The operation was halted in October. During the operation, dozens of Croat civilians were killed in the Grabovica and Uzdol massacres.
1993
Battle of Bugojno
The Battle of Bugojno was fought between forces of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) and the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) for control of the town and municipality of Bugojno in central Bosnia, from 18–28 July 1993. The area of Bugojno was under joint control of the ARBiH 307th Brigade and the HVO Eugen Kvaternik Brigade since the start of the Bosnian War. Violent incidents in Bugojno followed the escalation of the Croat-Bosniak War in adjacent municipalities throughout the 1st half of 1993. Bugojno was spared from fighting and the two local brigades were still formally allied by June 1993, at the time of an ARBiH offensive in central Bosnia.
1993
Evacuation of Karin Base
The Evacuation of Karin Base occurred in January 1993 around Karin, Croatia. A unit of Czech and Slovak soldiers evacuated French soldiers of the UNPROFOR mission, who were surrounded by the Croatian and Serbian units during the Croatian War of Independence.
1993
Battle of Žepče
The Battle of Žepče took place between the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH), Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) in Žepče, Bosnia and Herzegovina from 24 to 30 June 1993. It was also one of the cases where Serbian and Croatian forces had cooperation between each other against the Bosniak forces.
1994
Operation Bøllebank
The Operation Bøllebank is the name given to the military confrontation between Bosnian Serb military forces and Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish combat units composing the United Nations Protection Force's (UNPROFOR) Nordic Battalion, outside of the city of Tuzla on 29 April 1994.
1994
Operation Winter '94
Operation Winter '94 was a joint military offensive of the Croatian Army (HV) and the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) fought in southwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina between 29 November and 24 December 1994. The operation formed part of the Croatian War of Independence and the Bosnian War fought between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and two unrecognized para-states proclaimed by Croatian Serbs and Bosnian Serbs. Both para-states were supported by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and Serbia. The JNA pulled out in 1992, but transferred much of its equipment to the Bosnian Serb and Croatian Serb forces as it withdrew.
1994
Operation Spider
Operation Spider were a series of military actions in northwestern Bosnia that began in November 1994 and continued until December 1994. It was a combined effort of Republika Srpska and the Republic of Serb Krajina to recover the territory of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia (APZB), which was a key ally of the Serbs. Franko Simatović and Jovica Stanišić commanded the offensive. The Bosnian central government had previously overrun and seized the territory. The offensive ended in a Serb victory and the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia remained in existence until the fall of its key ally, the Republic of Serbian Krajina, and the subsequent end of the war.
1994
Operation Tiger (1994)
Operation Tiger 94 was a military action in the summer of 1994, by the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) against the Bosnian autonomous zone of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia, its leader Fikret Abdić and his Serbian backers the Army of the Republic of Serb Krajina (SVK), and the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). The battle was a huge success for the ARBiH, which was able to rout Abdić's forces and occupy the territory of Western Bosnia. Fikret Abdić was able to recapture the territory in November 1994 in Operation Spider.
1994
Battle of Kupres (1994)
The Battle of Kupres was a battle of the Bosnian War, fought between the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) and the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) on one side and the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) on the other from 20 October to 3 November 1994. It marks the first tangible evidence of the Bosniak–Croat alliance set out in the Washington Agreement of March 1994, brokered by the United States to end the Croat–Bosniak War fought between the ARBiH and the HVO in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ARBiH and the HVO were not coordinated at first, rather they launched separate operations aimed at capture of Kupres.
1994
Operação Amanda
A Operação Amanda foi uma missão da Força de Proteção das Nações Unidas (UNPROFOR) conduzida por tropas de manutenção da paz da Dinamarca, com o objetivo de recuperar um posto de observação, S01, pertencente à 9ª companhia de infantaria mecanizada Nordbat 2, perto de Gradačac, Bósnia e Herzegovina, em 25 de outubro de 1994.
1995
Operação Tempestade
A Operação Tempestade foi a última grande batalha da Guerra de Independência da Croácia e teve um grande peso no desfecho da Guerra da Bósnia. Foi uma vitória decisiva para o Exército croata (HV), que atacou em toda a frente de 630 quilômetros frente contra a República Sérvia de Krajina (RSK), e uma vitória estratégica para o Exército da República da Bósnia e Herzegovina (ERBiH).
1995
Operation Flash
Operation Flash was a brief Croatian Army (HV) offensive conducted against the forces of the self-declared proto-state Republic of Serbian Krajina (RSK) from 1–3 May 1995. The offensive occurred in the later stages of the Croatian War of Independence and was the first major confrontation after ceasefire and economic cooperation agreements were signed between Croatia and the RSK in 1994. The last organised RSK resistance formally ceased on 3 May, with the majority of troops surrendering the next day near Pakrac, although mop-up operations continued for another two weeks.
1995
Siege of Srebrenica
The siege of Srebrenica was a three-year siege of the town of Srebrenica in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina which lasted from April 1992 to July 1995 during the Bosnian War. Initially assaulted by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and the Serbian Volunteer Guard (SDG), the town was encircled by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) in May 1992, starting a brutal siege which was to last for the majority of the Bosnian War. In June 1995, the commander of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) in the enclave, Naser Orić, left Srebrenica and fled to the town of Tuzla. He was subsequently replaced by his deputy, Major Ramiz Bećirović.
1995
Operation Summer '95
Operation Summer '95 was a joint military offensive of the Croatian Army (HV) and the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) that took place north-west of the Livanjsko Polje, and around Bosansko Grahovo and Glamoč in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. The operation was carried out between 25 and 29 July 1995, during the Croatian War of Independence and the Bosnian War. The attacking force of 8,500 troops commanded by HV's Lieutenant General Ante Gotovina initially encountered strong resistance from the 5,500-strong Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) 2nd Krajina Corps. The HV/HVO pushed the VRS back, capturing about 1,600 square kilometres of territory and consequently intercepting the Knin-Drvar road — a critical supply route of the self-declared Republic of Serbian Krajina (RSK). The operation failed to achieve its declared primary goal of drawing VRS units away from the besieged city of Bihać, but it placed the HV in position to capture the RSK's capital Knin in Operation Storm days later.
1995
Operation Sana
Operation Sana was the final military offensive of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in western Bosnia and Herzegovina and the last major battle of the Bosnian War. It was launched from the area of Bihać on 13 September 1995, against the Army of Republika Srpska, and involved advances towards Bosanski Petrovac, Sanski Most and Bosanska Krupa. At the same time, the Croatian Army and the Croatian Defence Council were engaging the VRS in Operation Mistral 2 further to the southeast. After an initial 70-kilometre (43 mi) advance, VRS reinforcements managed to stop the ARBiH short of Sanski Most and Bosanski Novi, and reversed some of the ARBiH's territorial gains in a counterattack. After a part of the ARBiH 5th Corps was threatened with defeat around the town of Ključ, the ARBiH requested assistance from the HV.
1995
Operation Mistral 2
Operation Mistral 2, officially codenamed Operation Maestral 2, was a Croatian Army (HV) and Croatian Defence Council (HVO) offensive in western Bosnia and Herzegovina on 8–15 September 1995 as part of the Bosnian War. Its objective was to create a security buffer between Croatia and positions held by the Bosnian Serb Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). The operation also spearheaded a Herzeg-Croat led move to compromise the occupation of the largest Bosnian Serb-held city, Banja Luka, by capturing the towns of Jajce, Šipovo and Drvar. Thus jeopardizing the operations capacity of Banja Luka and ultimately leading to its recapture. The combined HV and HVO forces were under the overall command of HV Major General Ante Gotovina.
1995
Operation Southern Move
Operation Southern Move was the final Croatian Army (HV) and Croatian Defence Council (HVO) offensive of the Bosnian War. It took place in western Bosnia and Herzegovina on 8–11 October 1995. Its goal was to help the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) whose positions around the town of Ključ, captured by them during Operation Sana, were endangered by a counteroffensive by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). The objectives of Operation Southern Move included the capture of the town of Mrkonjić Grad and positions on the Manjača Mountain which would allow the HV and the HVO to directly threaten Banja Luka, the largest city controlled by Bosnian Serbs. Finally, the offensive was also aimed at capturing the Bočac Hydroelectric Power Station, the last significant source of electricity under VRS control in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. The combined HV and HVO forces were under the overall command of HV Major General Ante Gotovina.
1995
Battle of Vozuća
The Battle of Vozuća was a military offensive fought during the final months of the Bosnian War between the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) and the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) in the Vozuća–Ozren area. On 10 September 1995, units of the ARBiH 2nd and 3rd Corps launched a combined offensive against VRS positions. Elements of the 21st, 22nd and 25th Divisions of the 2nd Corps and the 35th and 37th Divisions of the 3rd Corps took part in the operation. The VRS defensive lines were broken, after which ARBiH forces captured Vozuća and surrounding territory previously held by the VRS.
1995
Batalha da Ponte de Vrbanja
A Batalha da Ponte de Vrbanja foi um confronto armado que ocorreu em 27 de maio de 1995, entre forças de paz das Nações Unidas (ONU) do Exército Francês e elementos do Exército Sérvio da Bósnia da República Srpska (VRS). Os combates ocorreram na ponte de Vrbanja, na travessia do rio Miljacka, em Sarajevo, na Bósnia e Herzegovina, durante a Guerra da Bósnia. O VRS tomou os postos de observação da Força de Proteção das Nações Unidas (UNPROFOR), operados por franceses, em ambas as extremidades da ponte, fazendo reféns 12 soldados franceses de manutenção da paz. Dez foram levados e dois foram mantidos na ponte como escudos humanos.
1995
Operation Una
Operation Una was a military offensive conducted by the Croatian Army against the Army of Republika Srpska in western Bosnia and Herzegovina on 18–19 September 1995, during the Bosnian War. The operation entailed a crossing of the Una and Sava rivers to establish bridgeheads at Novi Grad, Bosanska Dubica, Bosanska Kostajnica and opposite Jasenovac to allow for a subsequent advance towards Prijedor and Banja Luka.
1995
Operation Miracle (1995)
Operation Miracle was a successful attack by the foreign troops of the Bosnian Mujahideen against the village of Krčevine in the Zavidovići municipality on 21 July 1995.
1995
Battle of Orašje
The Battle of Orašje was fought during the Bosnian War, from 5 May to 10 June 1995, between the Bosnian Serb Army of Republika Srpska and the Bosnian Croat Croatian Defence Council for control of the town of Orašje and its surrounding area on the south bank of the Sava River. The offensive codenamed Operation Flame-95 and referred to by Croatian sources as Operation Revenge was actually fought with varying intensity, with periods of combat interspersed by lulls lasting two to seven days. The heaviest fighting was reported on 15 May, when the VRS managed to break through a portion of the HVO defences near the village of Vidovice, but the breach was successfully contained and the lost ground was recovered by the HVO.
1998
Attack on Orahovac
The attack on Orahovac was a three-day long clash in 17–20 July 1998 between the forces of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) and the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MUP) relieved by the 549th Motorized Brigade of Prizren of the Yugoslav Army (VJ) in and around the town of Orahovac. The KLA surrounded Serb villages around the town intending to assert authority for the Kosovo Albanian provisional government through taking over a town and creating a corridor between the KLA hotbed in Drenica and the Albanian border region. The KLA offensive failed and they were pushed out of the region. An unclear number of KLA fighters and Albanian civilians were killed, ranging from 42 and upwards, while five Serb civilians and two policemen were killed. 85 Serb civilians were abducted in the area by the KLA, 40 of whom are presumed to have been murdered.
1998
Battle of Belaćevac Mine
The Battle of Belaćevac Mine was a week-long clash between the Yugoslav Army (VJ), Serbian police (MUP) and the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in June 1998, during the Kosovo War. It was fought over the Belaćevac coal mine, which powered two generating stations that supplied electricity to most of Kosovo.
1998
Battle of Junik
The Battle of Junik was fought during the Kosovo War between the ethnic Albanian paramilitary organization known as the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) and the security forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia over the town of Junik in western Kosovo.
1998
Battle of Podujevo
The Battle of Podujevo was fought in the Kosovo War between the Yugoslav Special Anti-Terrorist Unit and KLA insurgents in the village of Llapashtica e Epërme in the municipality of Podujevo. These events started after the death of a policeman who was killed by KLA militants in the area.
1999
Battle of Košare
The Battle of Košare was fought during the Kosovo War between the forces of FR Yugoslavia and the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), the latter supported by the NATO air forces and Albanian Army. The battle was fought around Košare on the border between FR Yugoslavia and Albania from 9 April 1999 until 10 June 1999 during the NATO bombing of FR Yugoslavia.
1999
Battle of Paštrik
The Battle of Paštrik was a two-week confrontation between the KLA with NATO's support against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1999, during the Kosovo War. The official goal of the KLA was to seize the border between Albania and Kosovo, and eliminate the Yugoslav units there. The offensive was codenamed Operation Arrow by the KLA.
2001
Batalha de Tetovo
A Batalha de Tetovo, foi o maior confronto durante a insurgência de 2001 na República da Macedônia, na qual as forças de segurança macedônias lutaram contra o Exército de Libertação Nacional (NLA) pelo controle da cidade de Tetovo.
2001
Battle of Oraovica
The Battle of Oraovica was a conflict between the army and police of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Albanian militant group Liberation Army of Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac (UÇPMB) during the 1999–2001 insurgency in the Preševo Valley.
Antes e depois, por perto
- 1912 – 1913Primeira Guerra Balcânica
- 1913Segunda Guerra Balcânica
- 1956Revolução Húngara de 1956
- 1991 – 2001Guerra Civil IugoslavaEsta página
- 1991 – 1995Guerra de Independência da Croácia
- 1998 – 1999Guerra do Kosovo
Quem governou esta terra
Estados aos quais pertencia este local segundo os dados de fronteiras históricas (Cliopatria). Os anos são aproximados, conforme o intervalo dos dados (de alguns anos a um século). Toque para abrir o mapa daquele ano.
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- 250 a.C.Illyrian kingdom
- 150 a.C. – 50 a.C.República Romana
- 1 – 375Império Romano
- 400 – 450Império Romano do Ocidente
- 475Ostrogodos
- 500 – 525Reino Ostrogótico
- 550Lombardos
- 575 – 750Ávaros
- 775 – 950Principado da Sérvia
- 975Império Bizantino
- 1000 – 1080Reino da Croácia
- 1100 – 1160Reino da Hungria
- 1180Império Bizantino
- 1200 – 1380Banato da Bósnia
- 1400 – 1460Reino da Bósnia
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