鸟羽伏见之战 是日本近代的一场重要战役，该战役历时4天（1868年1月27日到30日），交战双方一方为支持明治天皇亲政的新政府军，另一方则是支持德川幕府统治的军队，二方在京都南郊之上的鸟羽（京都市南区）、下鸟羽、竹田、伏见（京都市伏见区）等地区爆发战役，最后以新政府军的大获全胜告终，而这场战争也标志着戊辰战争的开端。

The Battle of Awa occurred on 28 January 1868 during the Boshin War in Japan, in the area of Awa Bay near Osaka. Involving ships of the Tokugawa shogunate and Satsuma vessels loyal to the imperial court in Kyoto, the battle was the second naval battle in Japanese history between modern naval forces. Enomoto Takeaki led the shogunal navy to victory at Awa, in one of the few Tokugawa successes of the Boshin War, one day after the start of the land Battle of Toba–Fushimi.