西班牙内战
- 时期
- 1936年7月 – 1939年4月
- 阵营
- 国民军 vs 共和军
- 战役
- 53
西班牙内战 是西班牙共和军与国民军之间的一场内战。共和派效忠于左翼的人民阵线政府，包含社会党、共产党及分离势力。敌对的国民派则是由右翼的长枪党、保皇党和传统保守派组成的联盟。在当时的历史背景下，这场战争被视为阶级斗争、宗教斗争和意识形态之间的冲突。
来源: 维基百科 — 西班牙内战 · CC BY-SA 4.0
战役 53
1936年7月 – 1936年9月
Siege of the Alcázar
The siege of the Alcázar was a highly symbolic Nationalist victory in Toledo in the opening stages of the Spanish Civil War. The Alcázar of Toledo was held by a variety of military forces in favor of the Nationalists. Militias of the parties in the Popular Front began their siege on July 21, 1936. The siege ended on September 27 with the arrival of the Army of Africa under Francisco Franco.
1936年7月 – 1936年9月
Campaign of Gipuzkoa
The campaign of Gipuzkoa was part of the Spanish Civil War, where the Nationalist Army conquered the northern province of Gipuzkoa, held by the Republic.
1936年7月 – 1936年8月
Siege of Gijón
The siege of Gijón was a battle that occurred in Gijón, Asturias during the Spanish Civil War between 19 July and 16 August 1936. It was one of the first actions of the war.
1936年7月 – 1936年9月
瓜達拉馬戰役
瓜达拉马战役 是西班牙内战初期的一场战役，效忠西班牙共和国的部队与国民军在瓜达拉马山脉交战。
1936年7月
Siege of the Montaña Barracks
The siege of the Montaña Barracks was the two-day siege which marked the initial failure of the July 1936 uprising against the Second Spanish Republic in Madrid, on 18–20 July 1936, at the start of the Spanish Civil War. The bulk of the security forces in Madrid remained loyal to the government, and supported by workers' militias, crushed the uprising.
1936年7月 – 1936年10月
Siege of Oviedo
The siege of Oviedo was a siege in the Spanish Civil War that lasted from 19 July until 16 October 1936. The town garrison, under the command of Colonel Antonio Aranda Mata, took sides for the Nationalist uprising and held out until relieved by a Nationalist force from Galicia.
1936年7月
Siege of the Loyola barracks
The siege of the Loyola barracks was a siege and uprising at the military barracks in the Loyola neighborhood of San Sebastián, Spain, on 21 July 1936. It was part of the Spanish coup of July 1936 against the Second Spanish Republic, which led to the start of the Spanish Civil War.
1936年8月
Battle of Mallorca
The Battle of Mallorca, also known as the Mallorca Landings, was an amphibious landing of Republican forces in 1936, early in the Spanish Civil War, aimed at driving the Nationalists from Mallorca and reclaiming the island for the Republic. After some initial tactical success, the expedition, commanded by Captain Alberto Bayo, ended in failure when the Nationalists counterattacked with ground troops and massively superior air power and drove the Republicans into the sea. So confident were the Republicans in their prediction of victory they optimistically called the operation "la reconquista de Mallorca" - "the reconquest of Mallorca".
1936年8月
Battle of Badajoz (1936)
The Battle of Badajoz was one of the first major engagements of the Spanish Civil War, resulting in a tactical and strategic Nationalist victory, however at a significant cost in time and troops. After several days of shelling and bombardment, Nationalists stormed the fortified border city of Badajoz on August 14, 1936, cutting off the Spanish Republic from neighbouring Portugal and linking the northern and southern zones of Nationalist control.
1936年8月
Battle of Mérida
The Battle of Mérida saw the Republican militia twice fail to halt the Spanish Army of Africa near the historic town of Mérida early in the Spanish Civil War.
1936年8月 – 1936年9月
Battle of Irún
The Battle of Irún was the critical battle of the Campaign of Gipuzkoa prior to the War in the North, during the Spanish Civil War. The Nationalist Army, under Alfonso Beorlegui, captured the city of Irún cutting off the northern provinces of Gipuzkoa, Biscay, Santander, and Asturias from their source of arms and support in France.
1936年8月
Battle of Monte Pelado
The Battle of Monte Pelado was an early engagement of the Spanish Civil War, which took place on 28 August 1936 in the province of Huesca. During the battle, roughly 100 Italian anti-fascist volunteers defended Torre Lierta from a trained and well-equipped Nationalist force several times its size. The Italians held out for four hours against a frontal assault and flanking maneuvers, before counterattacking. The anti-fascist victory in the battle opened the way for a further series of Republican offensives in Huesca.
1936年8月 – 1936年9月
Battle of the Sierra Guadalupe
The Battle of the Sierra Guadalupe, also known as the Tagus Campaign, was a continuation of the Nationalist Army's race north toward Madrid in the early stages of the Spanish Civil War. In mid-late August 1936, the three Regulares columns of General Yagüe's Army of Africa dashed through the Sierra de Guadalupe Mountains, also known as Sierra de Villuercas, in central Spain and forded across the Tagus River, capturing several towns and routing the Republicans in a succession of rapid advances.
1936年8月
Córdoba offensive
The Córdoba offensive was a failed Republican offensive against the Nationalist held city of Cordoba. It took place from 19 to 22 August 1936 during the Spanish Civil War.
1936年8月
Battle of Sigüenza
The Battle of Sigüenza took place from 7 August 1936 to 15 October 1936 during the Spanish Civil War.
1936年8月
Battle of Almendralejo
The Battle of Almendralejo was a battle and massacre in Almendralejo, Spain, in August 1936, during the first stages of the Spanish Civil War.
1936年8月
Convoy de la Victoria
The Convoy de la Victoria was a Spanish naval battle on 5 August 1936 in the Strait of Gibraltar during the Spanish Civil War, between the escort of a Nationalist convoy and the Republican Navy destroyer Alcalá Galiano.
1936年9月
Battle of Talavera de la Reina (1936)
The Battle of Talavera de la Reina was fought on 3 September 1936 in the Spanish Civil War. The Republicans, attempting to bar the road to Madrid at Talavera de la Reina, were defeated by the professional army of the Nationalists, with heavy casualties on both sides.
1936年9月 – 1937年5月
Siege of Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza
The siege of Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza took place from 14 September 1936 to 1 May 1937 in Andújar, Jaén, during the Spanish Civil War. The Republican army surrounded around 1,200 rebel civil guards and falangists who supported the Nationalists and forced them to surrender after a protracted offensive.
1936年9月
Battle of Cape Spartel (1936)
The Battle of Cape Spartel was a naval battle of the Spanish Civil War that broke the Republican naval blockade of the Strait of Gibraltar, securing the maritime supply route to Spanish Morocco for the Nationalists early in the war. The action occurred on 29 September 1936 between two Nationalist cruisers and two Republican destroyers.
1936年9月
Battle of Cerro Muriano
The Battle of Cerro Muriano took place during the Spanish Civil War in 1936. The battle is perhaps most known today for the famous photograph, The Falling Soldier, that Robert Capa took during it.
1936年10月
Battle of Seseña
The Battle of Seseña was a Republican-Soviet assault on the Nationalist stronghold of Seseña, near Toledo, 30 km south of Madrid in October 1936 during the Spanish Civil War. After the fall of Talavera de la Reina and Toledo in September 1936, the Nationalist troops pushed towards Madrid and in October they were 30 km from the city. The Republican government which had received new Soviet weapons decided to launch a counteroffensive in order to stop the Nationalist offensive at Seseña. The attack failed and the Nationalists resumed their advance towards Madrid. The battle is notable for being the first time that massive tank warfare was seen in the Spanish War and for the use by Nationalist troops of Molotov cocktails against Soviet T-26 tanks.
1936年11月
马德里保卫战
马德里保卫战，又译马德里围城战，是西班牙内战期间的一场攻城战，当时由弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥领导的国民军攻打由西班牙第二共和国控制的马德里。战役为期两年半，并分为两个阶段。1936年10月，国民军大举进攻马德里，但共和派在两个月成功抵挡攻势，此后国民军便采取围城战略。1939年3月28日，马德里被国民军攻占。
1936年11月
Battle of Ciudad Universitaria
The Battle of Ciudad Universitaria was a battle at the beginning of the Siege of Madrid in the Spanish Civil War. The battle happened at the new campus of the Ciudad Universitaria from 15 to 23 November 1936. The battle caused the frontline in this part of Madrid to stabilize for most of the war. The republican militias' objective was the defense of the capital at all costs, and for that it was necessary to stop the advance of General Varela's troops of the Army of Africa. Conversely, the attackers aimed to conquer the city as fast as possible. The persistence and tenacity of both sides in the battle meant an inflection point in the Spanish Civil War, partly because it was the first time that Franco's troops were stopped. The campus was also one of the most long-lasting confrontation points during the Spanish Civil War. The resistance shown in Madrid raised the morale on other fronts of the Republican government's controlled zone.
1936年12月
洛佩拉戰役
洛佩拉战役发生于1936年12月27日至29日的西班牙内战。本场战役发生于国民军的阿塞图纳攻势期间，12月27日，第十四国际纵队发起来进攻以期能占领由国民军所据守的洛佩拉城镇，但在国际纵队遭受可怕损失后，其攻势于两天后宣告失败。
1936年12月
Villarreal Offensive
The Villarreal Offensive was an offensive of the Spanish Civil War which lasted from 30 November to 24 December 1936. Eusko Gudarostea's 4,300 men fought 600 men of the insurgent forces.
1936年12月 – 1937年1月
Second Battle of the Corunna Road
The Second Battle of the Corunna Road was a battle of the Spanish Civil War that took place from 13 December 1936 to 15 January 1937, northwest of Madrid. In December 1936, the Nationalists launched an offensive in order to cut the Corunna Road and isolate Madrid, but a Republican counter-offensive stopped the Nationalist advance. The Nationalists cut the Corunna road but failed to encircle Madrid.
1937年2月
哈拉马河战役
哈拉马战役是1937年2月6日至27日由西班牙内战期间弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥将军所领导的的国民军向马德里以东的哈拉马河地区的共和军发动的一场进攻，企图将共和军驱逐出该区域。来自非洲军团的摩洛哥正规军和西班牙军团精锐一度迫使包括国际纵队在内的中央共和军撤退，但经过几天的激烈战斗，国民军没有取得任何突破。共和军对国民军占领区发动的反击同样失败，双方伤亡惨重。
1937年2月
Battle of Málaga (1937)
The Battle of Málaga was the culmination of an offensive in February 1937 by the combined Nationalist and Italian forces to eliminate Republican control of the province of Málaga during the Spanish Civil War. Nazi Germany was also involved through air and naval support. The participation of Moroccan regulars and especially of modern and armoured Italian forces from the recently arrived Corpo Truppe Volontarie resulted in a complete rout of the Spanish Republican Army and the capitulation of Málaga in less than a week.
1937年3月
Battle of Guadalajara
The Battle of Guadalajara saw the victory of the Spanish Republican Army and of the International Brigades over the Italian and Nationalist forces attempting to encircle Madrid during the Spanish Civil War. The Nationalist forces involved in the Battle of Guadalajara were primarily the Italian Corps of Volunteer Troops.
1937年3月 – 1937年4月
Battle of Pozoblanco
The Battle of Pozoblanco took place between 6 March and 16 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. The battle saw Republican troops defeat Nationalist attempts to take the town.
1937年3月 – 1937年7月
Biscay Campaign
The Biscay Campaign was an offensive of the Spanish Civil War which lasted from 31 March to 1 July 1937. 50,000 men of the Eusko Gudarostea met 65,000 men of the insurgent forces. After heavy combats the Nationalist forces with a crushing material superiority managed to occupy the city of Bilbao and the Biscay province.
1937年3月
Battle of Cape Machichaco
The battle of Cape Machichaco was a naval battle which took place on 5 March 1937 off Bermeo, during the Spanish Civil War, between the Spanish Nationalist heavy cruiser Canarias and four Basque Navy trawlers escorting a Republican convoy. The trawlers were protecting the transport ship Galdames, which was sailing to Bilbao with 173 passengers.
1937年5月
May Days
The May Days, sometimes also called May Events, were a series of clashes between 3 and 8 May 1937 during which factions on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War engaged one another in street battles in various parts of Catalonia, centered on the city of Barcelona.
1937年6月
Battle of Bilbao
The Battle of Bilbao, part of the War in the North in the Spanish Civil War, saw the Nationalist Army capture Bilbao and the rest of the Basque Country that was still being held by the Spanish Republic.
1937年7月
Battle of Brunete
The Battle of Brunete, fought 24 kilometres (15 mi) west of Madrid, was a Republican attempt to alleviate the pressure exerted by the Nationalists on the capital and on the north during the Spanish Civil War. Although initially successful, the Republicans were forced to retreat from Brunete after Nationalist counterattacks, and suffered devastating casualties from the battle.
1937年7月 – 1937年8月
Battle of Albarracín
The Battle of Albarracín took place in Albarracín and surrounding areas (Teruel) between 5 July and 11 August 1937, during the Spanish Civil War.
1937年8月 – 1937年9月
Battle of Belchite (1937)
The Battle of Belchite refers to a series of military operations that took place between 24 August and 7 September 1937, in and around the town of Belchite, in Aragon during the Spanish Civil War, as part of a much bigger offensive to take Zaragoza, that continued until the beginning of November 1937.
1937年8月
Battle of Santander
The Battle of Santander was fought in the War in the North campaign of the Spanish Civil War during the summer of 1937 and saw the victory of Italian and Nationalist forces against the Republicans. Santander's fall on 26 August assured the Nationalist conquest of the province of Santander, now Cantabria. The battle devastated the Republic's "Army of the North"; 60,000 soldiers were captured, among them the Basque forces which surrendered to the Italians on August 25.
1937年9月
Battle of Cape Cherchell
The Battle of Cape Cherchell was a naval battle between the Nationalist heavy cruiser Baleares and the Spanish Republican Navy light cruisers Libertad and Méndez Núñez during the Spanish Civil War on 7 September 1937. The cruiser action occurred in the Mediterranean Sea north of the city of Cherchell in French Algeria.
1937年9月
Battle of El Mazucu
The Battle of El Mazucu was fought between 6 and 22 September 1937, between the Republican and Nationalist armies during the Spanish Civil War as a part of the War in the North campaign. The Republican defence of El Mazucu and the surrounding mountains halted the Nationalist advance into eastern Asturias, despite their forces being outnumbered sevenfold. After weeks of intense fighting over extreme terrain the defenders were eventually overwhelmed, and the Nationalists were then able to link up with their forces advancing from León, leading to the fall of Gijón and the abandonment of Asturias, the last Republican province in North-West Spain.
1937年9月 – 1937年11月
Battle of Sabiñánigo
The Battle of Sabiñánigo took place during the Spanish Civil War near Alto Gállego and the town of Sabiñánigo in 1937 as part of the Aragon front.
1937年12月 – 1938年2月
特魯爾戰役
特鲁尔战役 是西班牙内战中，一场发生于特鲁尔市的战役，战斗期间也是西班牙20年来最冷的冬天。特鲁特战役是一场血腥的战斗，城市被转手多次，最初被共和军掌控，最后被国民军占领。战斗过程中，特鲁尔市遭到重炮与飞机所轰炸；2个月的战事里，双方伤亡损失超过14万人。佛朗哥利用了人员与物资上的优势夺回特鲁尔，严重消耗了共和军，使这场战役成了整场西班牙内战的转捩点。
1938年2月
Battle of Alfambra
The Battle of Alfambra took place near Alfambra from 5 to 8 February 1938, during the Spanish Civil War, and was a part of the Battle of Teruel. After the conquest of Teruel by the Republican army, the Nationalists started a counteroffensive in order to reocuppy Teruel. On 5 February, a huge Nationalist force broke the republican lines north of Teruel towards the Alfambra River, took 7,000 republican prisoners and threatened the Republican forces in Teruel.
1938年3月
Battle of Cape Palos (1938)
The Battle of Cape Palos, also known as the Second Battle of Cape Palos, was the biggest naval battle of the Spanish Civil War, fought on the night of March 5–6, 1938, east of Cape Palos near Cartagena, Spain.
1938年3月
Battle of Caspe
The Battle of Caspe took place during the Aragon Offensive of the Spanish Civil War in 16–17 March 1938.
1938年3月 – 1938年4月
Battle of Lleida (1938)
The Battle of Lleida (1938) took place during the Spanish Civil War in 1938 in the city of Lleida, western Catalonia.
1938年4月 – 1938年6月
Battle of Bielsa pocket
The Battle of Bielsa pocket took place between 14 April and 15 June 1938, during the Spanish Civil War. After the fall of the Aragon front, a Republican division, in April 1938, was surrounded by the Nationalists in the Cinca River Valley. The division, despite being heavily outnumbered, managed to hold until 6 July and then crossed the French frontier.
1938年4月 – 1939年1月
Battle of the Segre
The Battle of the Segre is the collective name of a series of battles that took place along the Segre River between 4 April 1938 and 3 January 1939 during the Spanish Civil War, after the Nationalist Faction had broken the lines of the Spanish Republican Army in the Aragon Offensive.
1938年4月
Battle of Gandesa
The Battle of Gandesa took place in April 1938 during the Spanish Civil War.
1938年5月
Balaguer Offensive
The Balaguer Offensive was an offensive carried out by the Spanish Republican Army around Balaguer, Catalonia, during the Spanish Civil War. The offensive consisted in a series of counterattacks in the spring and summer of 1938 after the disastrous Aragon Offensive. The offensive was a failure for the Spanish Republic and many lives and military material were wasted.
1938年7月 – 1938年11月
厄波羅河戰役
厄波罗河战役 是在西班牙内战中，投入兵员最多，持续时间最长，以及最血腥的战役。作战范围约为厄波罗河流域、铁拉阿尔塔县和萨拉戈萨省附近。
1938年7月 – 1938年11月
Siege of Gandesa (1938)
The siege of Gandesa took place between July and November 1938 during the Spanish Civil War, a few months after a battle in the same town.
附近的前后事件
- 1494年托德西利亚斯条约
- 1830年入侵阿爾及爾 (1830年)
- 1870年 – 1871年普法戰爭
- 1936年7月 – 1939年4月西班牙内战本页
- 1954年 – 1962年阿尔及利亚战争
- 1974年康乃馨革命
统治这片土地的国家
根据历史疆域数据（Cliopatria），此地曾属于以下国家。年份按数据间隔（数年至百年）为近似值。点击可查看当年的地图。