1812年战争
- 时期
- 1812年6月 – 1815年2月
- 阵营
- 美国 vs 英国
- 战役
- 48
1812年战争，又称第二次美国独立战争 、第二次美国革命 、美英战争，是美国方同盟与英国方同盟之间发生于1812年至1815年的战争。名义上是美国正式向英国宣战，然而英国军队有50%兵员是加拿大的民兵；同时，美洲原住民部落由于种种原因也卷入了战争。
来源: 维基百科 — 1812年战争 · CC BY-SA 4.0
战役 48
1812年7月
Siege of Fort Mackinac
The Capture of Fort Mackinac was one of the first engagements of the War of 1812. A British and Native American force captured the island soon after the outbreak of war between Britain and the United States. Encouraged by the easy British victory, more Native Americans rallied to their support. Their cooperation was an important factor in several British victories during the remainder of the war.
1812年8月
底特律圍城戰
底特律围城战 亦称底特律的投降或底特律堡垒战役，是为美国人在1812年战争的一个相当重大的损失。美国的战略是进军加拿大，但此围城战使美国失去了一整支军队，只好停止入侵加拿大的计划。
1812年8月
Battle of Fort Dearborn
The Battle of Fort Dearborn was an engagement between United States troops, militia and Miami native auxiliaries, against Potawatomi Native Americans that took place on August 15, 1812, near Fort Dearborn, then part of Illinois Territory in the Chicago area. The battle, part of the War of 1812, followed the evacuation of the fort ordered by the commander of the United States Army of the Northwest, William Hull. The battle lasted about 15 minutes and resulted in a complete victory for the Potawatomi. After the battle, Fort Dearborn was burned down. Some of the soldiers and settlers who had been taken captive were later ransomed.
1812年8月
Battle of Brownstown
The Battle of Brownstown was an early skirmish in the War of 1812. Although the United States military outnumbered the forces of Tecumseh's Confederacy 8 to 1, they lost the engagement and suffered substantial losses while Tecumseh's forces were almost completely untouched.
1812年8月
Battle of Maguaga
The Battle of Maguaga was a small battle between British troops, Canadian militia and Tecumseh's natives and a larger force of American troops near the Wyandot village of Maguaga in what is now the city of Riverview, Michigan.
1812年9月
哈里森堡壘戰役
哈里森堡垒战役 是为一个美国于1812年战争中的决定性胜利，在这战役里，15个美国人独自对抗600名印地安人。
1812年9月
Siege of Fort Wayne
The siege of Fort Wayne took place from September 5–12, 1812, during the War of 1812. The stand-off occurred in the modern city of Fort Wayne, Indiana, between the U.S. military garrison at Fort Wayne and a combined force of Potawatomi and Miami forces. The conflict began when warriors under the Potawatomi chiefs Winamac and Five Medals killed two members of the U.S. garrison. Over the next several days, the Potawatomi burned the buildings and crops of the fort's adjacent village and launched assaults from outside the fort. Winamac withdrew on September 12 ahead of reinforcements led by Major General William Henry Harrison.
1812年10月
昆士顿高地战役
昆士顿高地战役 发生于1812年10月13日，是1812年战争中英美双方的首次主要交手，英军在上加拿大的昆士顿取得了一场决定性胜利。
1812年11月
Battle of Frenchman's Creek
The Battle of Frenchman's Creek took place during the War of 1812 between Great Britain and the United States in the early hours of November 28, 1812, in the Crown Colony of Upper Canada, near the Niagara River. The action was part of Brigadier General Alexander Smyth's attempt to renew the American offensive on the Niagara Frontier after the defeat at the Battle of Queenston Heights.
1812年11月
Battle of Lacolle Mills (1812)
The Battle of Lacolle Mills was fought on November 20, 1812, during the War of 1812. In this relatively light skirmish, a very small garrison of Canadian militia, with the assistance of Kahnawake Mohawk warriors, defended the Lacolle Mills Blockhouse on the Montreal road bridge over the Lacolle River at the village of Lacolle, Quebec against a disorganized American attack.
1813年1月
Battle of Frenchtown
The Battle of Frenchtown, also known as the Battle of the River Raisin and the River Raisin Massacre, refers to two consecutive engagements during the War of 1812. Fighting between American forces commanded by Brigadier General James Winchester and British and allied forces under Colonel Henry Procter took place on January 18 and 22, 1813, at Frenchtown, Michigan Territory on the River Raisin roughly 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Detroit.
1813年2月
Battle of Ogdensburg
The Battle of Ogdensburg was a battle of the War of 1812. The British gained a victory over the Americans and captured the village of Ogdensburg, New York. Although small in scale, it removed the American threat to British supply lines for the remainder of the war.
1813年4月
Battle of York
The Battle of York was a War of 1812 battle fought in York, Upper Canada on April 27, 1813. An American force, supported by a naval flotilla, landed on the western lakeshore and captured the provincial capital after defeating an outnumbered force of regulars, militia and Ojibwe natives under the command of Major General Roger Hale Sheaffe, the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada.
1813年4月 – 1813年5月
Siege of Fort Meigs
The siege of Fort Meigs was a significant War of 1812 military engagement in northwestern Ohio during the spring of 1813. British regulars and militia led by Brigadier General Henry Procter, supported by Indigenous forces led by Tecumseh, attempted to capture the recently constructed fort in order to forestall Major General William Henry Harrison's campaign to retake Detroit and invade Upper Canada. An American attempt to relieve the fort on May 5 resulted in heavy casualties, however, Procter was unable to breech Harrison's defences and withdrew after a 11-day siege.
1813年5月
Battle of Fort George
The Battle of Fort George was fought during the War of 1812, in which the Americans defeated a British force and captured Fort George in Upper Canada. The troops of the United States Army and vessels of the United States Navy cooperated in a very successful amphibious assault, although most of the opposing British force escaped encirclement.
1813年5月
Second Battle of Sacket's Harbor
The Second Battle of Sacket's Harbor, or simply the Battle of Sacket's Harbor, took place on 29 May 1813, during the War of 1812. A British force was transported across Lake Ontario and attempted to capture the town, which was the principal dockyard and base for the American naval squadron on the lake. Twelve warships were built here. The British were repulsed by American regulars, militia, marines and sailors, although the attack resulted in the destruction of naval stores and self-inflicted damage to American warships.
1813年6月
Battle of Beaver Dams
The Battle of Beaver Dams took place on 24 June 1813, during the War of 1812. A column of troops from the United States Army marched from Fort George and attempted to surprise a British outpost at Beaver Dams, billeting themselves overnight in the village of Queenston, Ontario. Laura Secord, a resident of Queenston, had earlier learned of the American plans from several Americans billeted at her house and had struck out on a long and difficult trek to warn the British at Decou's stone house near present-day Brock University. When the Americans resumed their march, they were ambushed by Kahnawake and other native warriors and eventually surrendered to a small British detachment led by Lieutenant James FitzGibbon. About 500 U.S. troops, including their wounded commander, were taken prisoner.
1813年6月
Battle of Stoney Creek
The Battle of Stoney Creek was fought on 6 June 1813, during the War of 1812 near what is now Stoney Creek, Ontario, Canada. British units made a night attack on the American encampment, and due in large part to the capture of the two senior officers of the American force and an overestimation of British strength by the Americans, the outcome of the battle was a victory for the British, and a turning point in the defence of Upper Canada.
1813年6月
Capture of USS Chesapeake
The capture of USS Chesapeake, also known as the Battle of Boston Harbor, was fought on 1 June 1813, between the Royal Navy frigate HMS Shannon and the United States Navy frigate USS Chesapeake, as part of the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom. HMS Shannon, commanded by Captain Philip Broke, captured USS Chesapeake, commanded by Captain James Lawrence, in one of the Royal Navy's clearest single-ship victories of the war. The action lasted only about ten to fifteen minutes, but ended with Chesapeake disabled, boarded, captured, and taken into British service.
1813年6月
Battle of Craney Island
The Battle of Craney Island was fought on June 22, 1813 during the War of 1812. British forces under George Cockburn and John Borlase Warren attempted an amphibious landing on Craney Island, Virginia but were repulsed by defending American troops under Robert B. Taylor. The battle prevented Norfolk and Portsmouth, two major hubs of American commerce, from coming under British attack.
1813年7月
Battle of Burnt Corn
The Battle of Burnt Corn, also known as the Battle of Burnt Corn Creek, was fought on July 27, 1813, in what is now Escambia County, Alabama, United States. The battle was the first conflict of the Creek War to be fought between American forces and a faction of the Muscogee known as the Red Sticks. The Creek War began as an intratribal conflict between two factions of Muscogee, one that supported a centralized tribal government and cooperation with the United States government and the other that opposed the encroachment of American settlers and championed a return to the traditional Muscogee lifestyle. A group of Red Sticks traveled to Pensacola to obtain weapons and supplies from the Spanish to further their fight.
1813年8月
Fort Mims massacre
The Fort Mims massacre occurred on August 30, 1813, at a fortified homestead site 35–40 miles north of Mobile, Alabama, during the Creek War. A large force of Creek Indians belonging to the Red Sticks faction, under the command of Peter McQueen and William Weatherford, stormed the fort and defeated the militia garrison.
1813年8月
Battle of St. Michaels
The First Battle of St. Michaels was an engagement contested on August 10, 1813, during the War of 1812. British soldiers attacked Maryland militia at St. Michaels, which is located on Eastern Shore of Maryland with access to the Chesapeake Bay. At the time, this small town was on the main shipping route to important cities such as Baltimore and Washington, D.C.
1813年8月
Battle of Fort Stephenson
The Battle of Fort Stephenson was a decisive American victory in Ohio during the War of 1812. American forces led by Major George Croghan successfully defended the fort during a two-day siege by British and Indigenous forces in August 1813.
1813年9月
伊利湖戰役
伊利湖战役是1812年战争中的一场水上战役，于1813年9月10日在俄亥俄附近的伊利湖爆发。九艘美国海军军舰决定性地击败了英国六艘军舰。这场战役奠定了美国在伊利湖的控制权，让美国人收复了底特律和赢取泰晤士战争，并击败特库姆塞的印第安联邦。
1813年10月
Battle of the Thames
The Battle of the Thames, also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, was an American victory over British forces and Tecumseh's Confederacy during the War of 1812. The battle took place on October 5, 1813, in Upper Canada near what is now Thamesville, Ontario. The British lost control of the Western District of Upper Canada as a result of the battle. Tecumseh was killed, and his confederacy collapsed.
1813年10月
Battle of the Chateauguay
The Battle of the Chateauguay was an engagement of the War of 1812. On 26 October 1813, a Canadian and Native force consisting of 1,530 militia and Mohawk warriors from Lower Canada, commanded by Charles de Salaberry, repelled an American force of about 2,600 regulars which was attempting to invade Lower Canada and ultimately attack Montreal. The battle was one of the two battles which caused the Americans to abandon the Saint Lawrence campaign, their major strategic effort in the autumn of 1813.
1813年11月
Battle of Crysler's Farm
The Battle of Crysler's Farm, also known as the Battle of Crysler's Field, or the Battle of Williamsburg, was fought on 11 November 1813, during the War of 1812, in the British province of Upper Canada. A British and Upper Canadian force defeated a much larger American invasion force, prompting the US to abandon the Saint Lawrence campaign, its plan to capture Montreal in the autumn of 1813.
1813年11月
Battle of Talladega
The Battle of Talladega was fought between the Tennessee Militia and the Red Stick Creek Native Americans during the Creek War, in the vicinity of the present-day county and city of Talladega, Alabama, in the United States.
1813年11月
Battle of Tallushatchee
The Battle of Tallushatchee was fought on November 3, 1813, in northeastern Mississippi Territory during the Creek War. United States dragoons, commanded by Brigadier General John Coffee, defeated the Red Sticks.
1813年11月
Battle of Autossee
The Battle of Autossee took place on November 29, 1813, during the Creek War, at the Creek towns of Autossee and Tallassee near present-day Shorter, Alabama. General John Floyd, with 900 to 950 militiamen and 450 allied Creek, attacked and burned down both villages, killing 200 Red Sticks in the process.
1814年1月
Battle of Calebee Creek
The Battle of Calebee Creek took place on January 27, 1814, during the Creek War, in Macon County, Alabama, 50 miles (80 km) west of Fort Mitchell. General Floyd, with 1,200 Georgia volunteers, a company of cavalry and 400 friendly Yuchi, repulsed a night attack of the Red Sticks on his camp. Floyd lost so many in this hostile country that he immediately withdrew to the Chattahoochee River. Also referred to as the Battle for Camp Defiance.
1814年3月
Battle of Horseshoe Bend
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend was fought in the Mississippi Territory, now central Alabama. On March 27, 1814, United States forces and Native American allies under Major General Andrew Jackson defeated the Red Sticks, a part of the Creek Indian tribe who opposed American expansion, effectively ending the Creek War.
1814年3月
Battle of Lacolle Mills (1814)
The Battle of Lacolle Mills was fought on 30 March 1814 during the War of 1812. The small garrison of a British outpost position, aided by Canadian reinforcements, fought off a large American attack.
1814年5月
Battle of Fort Oswego (1814)
The Battle of Fort Oswego was a partially successful British raid on Fort Ontario and the village of Oswego, New York on 6 May 1814 during the War of 1812.
1814年7月
奇帕瓦戰役
奇帕瓦战役 是1812年战争中的其中一场美军与英军间的战役，发生于1814年7月5日的加拿大安大略。该战役是美军对上加拿大的攻势的一部分，在这战役前，入侵加拿大的美军一直吃败仗，而且国土开始遭受英加联军的反击，这次战役是美军第一次以同等战力对抗英军并获胜的战役。
1814年7月
Battle of Lundy's Lane
The Battle of Lundy's Lane, also known as the Battle of Niagara or contemporarily as the Battle of Bridgewater, was fought on 25 July 1814, during the War of 1812, between an invading American army and a British and Canadian army near present-day Niagara Falls, Ontario. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and one of the deadliest battles fought in Canada, with approximately 1,720 casualties including 258 killed.
1814年7月 – 1814年8月
Battle of Mackinac Island (1814)
The Battle of Mackinac Island was a British victory in the War of 1812. Before the war, Fort Mackinac had been an important American trading post in the straits between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. It was important for its influence and control over the Native American tribes in the area, which was sometimes referred to in historical documents as "Michilimackinac".
1814年8月
华盛顿大火
华盛顿大火 是美加1812年战争期间英国军队攻陷美国首都华盛顿后，对华盛顿特区的一次大规模报复性纵火行动。1814年8月24日，一支在布莱登斯堡之战得胜的英军在主将罗伯特·罗斯带领下攻占了华盛顿，并烧毁大量公共建筑，其中包括美国国会大厦和在当时称作“总统官邸” 的白宫。该行动是对事件发生不久前美军洗劫多佛港的报复。这也是美国历史至今唯一一次首都遭受外国军队攻占的记录。
1814年8月
Battle of Bladensburg
The Battle of Bladensburg, also known as the Bladensburg Races, took place on August 24, 1814, during the Chesapeake campaign of the War of 1812 at Bladensburg, Maryland. It has been described as "the greatest disgrace ever dealt to American arms". A British force of army regulars and Royal Marines routed a combined U.S. force of Regular Army and state militia troops. The American defeat resulted in the British capture and burning of the national capital of Washington, the only time that the city has fallen to a foreign invader.
1814年8月 – 1814年9月
Siege of Fort Erie
The siege of Fort Erie, also known as the Battle of Erie, from 4 August to 21 September 1814, was one of the last engagements of the War of 1812, between British and American forces. It took place during the Niagara campaign, and the Americans successfully defended Fort Erie against a British army under Gordon Drummond. During the siege, Drummond's troops suffered high casualties in a failed storming attempt; they also suffered casualties from sickness and exposure in their rough encampments. Unaware that the British were about to abandon the siege, the American garrison launched a sortie to destroy the British siege batteries, during which both sides again suffered high losses.
1814年9月
巴爾的摩戰役
巴尔的摩战役是1812年战争中一场英军从陆海两路入侵美军驻防的巴尔的摩所发生的战役。美军成功在巴尔的摩击退了英军来自路海两路的入侵，并杀死了英军的指挥官。双方第一次交手是在北角发生战斗。虽然美军最后撤退了，但该战成功阻滞英军推进，使其承受沉重的伤亡，并让巴尔的摩守军能准备好防御工事以待敌军的进攻。巴尔的摩守军在英军炮轰麦克亨利堡时的抵抗精神，激发法兰西斯·斯科特·基创作“保卫麦克亨利堡”(Defence of Fort McHenry)一诗，该诗后来成为美国国歌“星条旗”歌词的一部份。
1814年9月
尚普蘭湖戰役
尚普兰湖战役，亦称普莱茨堡战役 是1812年战争期间英国对美国的最后一次入侵行动。
1814年9月
北角之役
北角之役 爆发于1814年9月12日，是为巴尔的摩之役的序幕，其中英军强行登陆，遭受美军的顽抗，虽然最后英军迫使美军后撤，但在此他们损失了不少人，而且其后于巴尔的摩之役大败而撤离。
1814年10月
Battle of Cook's Mills
The Battle of Cook's Mills was the last engagement between U.S. and British armies in the Niagara, and the penultimate engagement on Canadian soil during the War of 1812. After a battle lasting less than an hour, American forces out-maneuvered the British column, and later destroyed all grain found in the mill.
1814年12月
Battle of Lake Borgne
The Battle of Lake Borgne was a coastal engagement between the Royal Navy and the United States Navy in the American South theatre of the War of 1812. It occurred on December 14, 1814 on Lake Borgne. The British victory allowed them to disembark their troops unhindered nine days later and to launch an offensive upon New Orleans on land.
1815年1月
新奥尔良之战
新奥尔良之战 是美英1812年战争最后一场重要战役。1815年1月8日，战斗在距离新奥尔良5英里以外的地方打响。其实早在1814年12月24日，美国与英国就已经在比利时签署了和平条约《根特条约》，但由于受到当时通信条件的影响，美英双方的前线部队对此和平条约并不知情。此次战斗的英军指挥官是陆军少将爱德华·帕肯汗爵士，美军指挥官是日后成为美国第七任总统的陆军少将安德鲁·杰克逊。尽管英军在人数、武器装备和作战经验上都占优势，而且美军仅有30分钟准备便仓促应战，美军最终以300余人伤亡的代价换取了战斗的最终胜利，英军死伤2000余人。
1815年1月
Bombardment of Fort St. Philip (1815)
The bombardment of Fort St. Philip was a ten day long distance bombardment of exploding bomb shells - by two Royal Navy bomb vessels, mounting a total of four mortars - against the American garrison of Fort St. Philip. The fort was unable to retaliate at the start, as the bomb vessels were out of the range of its solid shot cannon, and its mortar did not have ammunition. This was remedied by supply boats, whereby the fort counter-attacked the bomb vessels with its mortar on January 17, and the British duly withdrew. This riverine engagement took place during the concluding hostilities of the War of 1812.
附近的前后事件
- 约1050年卡霍基亞土墩遺址
- 1803年路易斯安那購地
- 1812年6月 – 1815年2月1812年战争本页
- 1861年 – 1865年南北战争
- 1969年阿波罗11号登月
统治这片土地的国家
根据历史疆域数据（Cliopatria），此地曾属于以下国家。年份按数据间隔（数年至百年）为近似值。点击可查看当年的地图。