Ferrous metallurgy

Period

c. 1200 BC

Map

Inventions map

Ferrous metallurgy or siderurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys. The earliest surviving prehistoric iron artifacts, from the 4th millennium BC in Egypt, were made from meteoritic iron-nickel. It is not known when or where the smelting of iron from ores began, but by the end of the 2nd millennium BC, iron was being produced from iron ores in the region from Greece to India, The use of wrought iron was known by the 1st millennium BC, and its spread defined the Iron Age. During the medieval period, smiths in Europe found a way of producing wrought iron from cast iron, in this context known as pig iron, using finery forges. All these processes required charcoal as fuel.

Sources: Wikipedia — Ferrous metallurgy · CC BY-SA 4.0

Earlier and later events nearby

1. c. 1200 BCFerrous metallurgyThis page
2. AD 325First Council of Nicaea
3. 1402Battle of Ankara
4. 1853–1856Crimean War

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