चीनी गृहयुद्ध
- अवधि
- 1927 – 1949
- पक्ष
- साम्यवादी vs राष्ट्रवादी
- लड़ाइयाँ
- 27
चीनी गृहयुद्ध चीन गणराज्य की नेतृत्व कर रही गुओमिंदांग दल और चीनी साम्यवादी दल के बीच 1945 से 1949 तक चलने वाला संघर्ष था। वास्तव में यह गृहयुद्ध समय-समय पर 1927 से ही जारी रहा, जब गुओमिंदांग के नेता च्यांग काई शेक ने साम्यवादियों को कुचलने के लिए उनके विरुद्ध प्रथम कड़ा अभियान चलाया। इन दोनों के बीच झड़पें 1937 तक चली, जब जापान ने चीन पर आक्रमण करा। इसके बाद 1937–1945 काल में द्वितीय चीन-जापान युद्ध चला और यह दोनों दल जापान से लड़ने के लिए आपसी सहयोग करने लगे। इस काल के अंत भाग में जापान द्वितीय विश्ववयुद्ध में उलझ गया और यह चीन-जापान युद्ध उसी का एक भाग बन गया। इसमें 1945 में जापान की पराजय होने के बाद, गुओमिंदांग-साम्यवादी गृहयुद्ध फिर आरम्भ हो गया और 1949 तक साम्यवादी चीन की मुख्यभूमि पर हावी हो गये जहाँ उन्होंने जनवादी गणतंत्र चीन की स्थापना करी, जबकि गुओमिंदांग ने ताइवान में जा कर गढ़ बना लिया और वहाँ चीनी गणराज्य की नीव रखी। उस समय से इन दोनों की स्थिति लगभग वैसी ही है।
स्रोत: विकिपीडिया — चीनी गृहयुद्ध · CC BY-SA 4.0
लड़ाइयाँ 27
1927
Nanchang Uprising
The Nanchang Uprising of August 1927 was the point at which conflict between the Chinese Communist Party and the Nationalist Party of China (Kuomintang) became an outright rebellion. This began the Chinese Civil War. It was initiated by the Communists in response to the massacre of their party comrades in Shanghai by the Kuomintang four months before.
1927
Shanghai massacre
The Shanghai massacre of 12 April 1927, the April 12 Purge or the April 12 Incident as it is commonly known in China, was the violent suppression of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organizations and leftist elements in Shanghai by forces supporting General Chiang Kai-shek and conservative factions in the Kuomintang. The event began the campaign of anti-communist repression in Nationalist China.
1927
Autumn Harvest Uprising
The Autumn Harvest Uprising was an insurrection that took place in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces of China, on September 7, 1927, led by Mao Zedong, who established a short-lived Hunan Soviet.
1927
Guangzhou Uprising
The Guangzhou Uprising, Canton Uprising, or Canton Riots of 1927 was a failed communist uprising in the city of Guangzhou (Canton) in southern China.
1933 – 1934
Fifth encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet
The fifth encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet was a series of military operations undertaken during the Chinese Civil War, spanning from September 1933 to October 1934. The conflict pitted the forces of Chiang Kai-shek's Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) against the Chinese Communists.
1935
Battle of Luding Bridge
The Battle of Luding Bridge of 1935 was a controversial crossing of the Luding Bridge by the soldiers of the Fourth Regiment of the Chinese Workers and Peasants' Red Army during the Long March. The bridge, situated over the Dadu River in Luding County, Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China, was located about 80 kilometers west of the city of Ya'an and was a river crossing vital to the Red Army.
1936
Xi'an Incident
The Xi'an Incident was a Chinese political crisis that lasted from 12 to 26 December 1936. Generals Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng seized Chiang Kai-shek in Xi'an, demanding the Nationalist government end the Chinese Civil War and ally with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) against Japanese expansionism, resulting in the Second United Front.
1941
New Fourth Army Incident
The New Fourth Army Incident, also known as the South Anhui Incident or Wannan Incident, occurred in China in January 1941 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, during which the Chinese Civil War was, in theory, suspended, uniting the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Nationalist Kuomintangs under a United Front against the Japanese invasion. It is significant as the end of substantive cooperation between the Nationalists and the CCP. Today, ROC and PRC historians view the New Fourth Army Incident differently. From the ROC point of view, the CCP attacked first and the incident was a punishment for its insubordination; from the PRC view, it was Nationalist treachery.
1945
Shangdang Campaign
The Shangdang Campaign was a series of battles fought between Eighth Route Army troops led by Liu Bocheng and Kuomintang troops led by Yan Xishan in what is now Shanxi Province, China. The campaign lasted from 10 September 1945, through 12 October 1945. Like all other Chinese Communist victories in the clashes immediately after Imperial Japan's surrender in World War II, the outcome of this campaign altered the course of the peace negotiation held in Chongqing from 28 August 1945, through 11 October 1945, resulting in a more favourable outcome for Mao Zedong and the party.
1946
Second Battle of Siping
The Battle of Siping was a battle between the Nationalists and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) for the control of Siping in 1946 during the Chinese Civil War. This campaign was characterized by the fact that the supreme commanders of both sides had overestimated their strength and set unrealistic goals, but in both cases, the frontline commanders on both sides averted the potential catastrophes by convincing their respective supreme commanders to change their original decisions.
1946
Battle of Kalgan
The Battle of Kalgan took place during the off and on mediation of a cease fire between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party by George Marshall. It was fought in the renamed city of Zhangjiakou, China.
1947
Menglianggu campaign
The Menglianggu campaign was fought between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era. The battle resulted in the encirclement and destruction of the nationalist corps-sized 74th Reorganized Division, one of the most elite forces of their side, and a significant communist victory. The campaign was later used by the communists as a specific battle example in their military science and history. The battle mainly took place in Menglianggu of Linyi region in Shandong Province.
1947
Battle of Yan'an
After World War II, Hu Zongnan battled the Chinese Communist Party and in the early stage of the struggle, was successful in the Battle of Yan'an capturing Yan'an, the capital of the communist base in Shaanxi.
1948
Liaoshen campaign
The Liaoshen campaign, an abbreviation of Liaoning–Shenyang campaign after the province of Liaoning and its Yuan directly administered capital city Shenyang, was the first of the three major military campaigns launched by the Chinese Communist Party's People's Liberation Army (PLA) against the Kuomintang Nationalist government during the late stage of the Chinese Civil War. This engagement is also known to the Kuomintang as the Liaohsi campaign, and took place between September and November 1948, lasting a total of 52 days. The campaign ended after the Nationalist forces suffered sweeping defeats across Manchuria, losing the major cities of Jinzhou, Changchun, and eventually Shenyang in the process, leading to the capture of the whole of Manchuria by the Communist forces. The victory of the campaign resulted in the Communists achieving a strategic numerical advantage over the Nationalists for the first time in its history.
1948
Siege of Changchun
The siege of Changchun was a military blockade undertaken by the People's Liberation Army against Changchun between May and October 1948, the largest city in Manchuria at the time, and one of the headquarters of the Republic of China Army in Northeast China. It was one of the longest campaigns in the Liaoshen Campaign of the Chinese Civil War.
1948 – 1949
Huaihai campaign
The Huaihai campaign, or Battle of Hsupeng, was the second of the three major campaigns that was fought between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during the Chinese Civil War. The campaign started when the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the CCP launched a major offensive against KMT forces operating between the city of Xuzhou and Huai River areas on 6 November 1948, and ended on 10 January 1949 with the destruction or surrender of major KMT forces in the region.
1948 – 1949
Pingjin campaign
The Pingjin campaign, also known as the Battle of Pingjin and also officially known in Chinese Communist historiography as the Liberation of Beijing and Tianjin was part of the three major campaigns launched by the People's Liberation Army during the late stage of the Chinese Civil War against the Government of the Republic of China. It began on 29 November 1948 and ended on 31 January 1949, lasting a total of 64 days. This campaign marked the end of Nationalist dominance in the North China Plain. The term Pingjin refers to the cities Beiping and Tianjin.
1948
Battle of Jinzhou
Battle of Chinchow took place between the People's Liberation Army and the National Revolutionary Army during the Liaoshen Campaign in the Chinese Civil War. The battle was a turning point in the campaign, which eventually led to capture of Northeast China by the Communist Party.
1948
Battle of Jinan
The Battle of Jinan was a critical engagement fought between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from September 16 to September 24, 1948, during the Chinese Civil War. The communist Eastern China Field Army besieged and finally captured the city of Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province and a major urban center as well as a transportation hub in northeastern China that had a population of about 600,000 at the time of the battle. The communist victory set the stage for the Huaihai Campaign.
1948 – 1949
Taiyuan campaign
The Taiyuan campaign was a campaign of the Chinese Civil War fought between the nationalist and communist factions. The campaign was over the control of Taiyuan, the capital of the province of Shanxi, China. The campaign resulted in a communist victory.
1948
Linfen Campaign
Linfen Campaign (临汾战役) was a series of battles fought between the communists and the nationalists during the Chinese Civil War to control the city of Linfen, and resulted in the communist victory.
1949
Battle of Guningtou
The Battle of Guningtou (古寧頭之役), also known as the Battle of Kuningtou or the Battle of Kinmen, was fought in October 1949 on the island of Kinmen (Quemoy), located in the Taiwan Strait, during the final stages of the Chinese Civil War.
1949
Yangtze River Crossing campaign
The Yangtze River Crossing campaign was a military campaign launched by the People's Liberation Army to cross the Yangtze River and capture Nanjing, the capital of the Nationalist government of the Kuomintang, in the final stage of the Chinese Civil War. The campaign began at night on 20 April, and lasted until 2 June 1949, concluding after the fall of Nanjing and Shanghai to the Communist forces, which eventually resulted in the exile of the Nationalists to the island of Taiwan.
1949
Battle of Dengbu Island
The Battle of Dengbu Island was a conflict between the Republic of China Army and People's Liberation Army over Dengbu Island near mainland China. This conflict occurred from 3 November 1949 to 5 November 1949 and resulted in a Republic of China Army's victory.
1949
Lanzhou Campaign
The Lanzhou Campaign was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists for the control of the largest city in northwestern China during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era, and resulted in a communist victory.
1949
Shanghai Campaign
The Shanghai Campaign was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1949 for the control of Shanghai, the largest city in China in the latter stage of the Chinese Civil War, and resulted in the city being taken over by the communists, who enjoyed numerical superiority.
1949
Chengdu campaign
The Chengdu campaign was the capture of Chengdu by the People's Republic of China (Communists) in December 1949 during the Chinese Civil War. The city was the national capital of the Republic of China (Nationalists) and provincial capital of the southwestern Chinese province of Sichuan. The campaign was the Southwestern China campaign, also considered part of the Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Southwestern China.
आसपास की पहले और बाद की घटनाएँ
- 1368मिंग राजवंश की स्थापना
- 1405 – 1433झेंग हे की समुद्री यात्राएँ
- 1850 – 1864ताइपिंग विद्रोह
- 1927 – 1949चीनी गृहयुद्धयह पृष्ठ
- 1934 – 1935लम्बा कूच
- 1937 – 1938नानचिंग नरसंहार
- 2019 – 2023कोविड-19 विश्वमारी
इस भूमि पर किसने शासन किया
ऐतिहासिक सीमा डेटा (Cliopatria) के अनुसार यह स्थान जिन राज्यों में था। वर्ष डेटा के अंतराल (कुछ वर्षों से एक सदी) के अनुसार अनुमानित हैं। उस वर्ष का नक्शा देखने के लिए टैप करें।
21 और दिखाएँ
- 750 ई.पू. – 550 ई.पू.Wu
- 500 ई.पू. – 350 ई.पू.Yue
- 300 ई.पू. – 200 ई.पू.मिनयुए
- 150 ई.पू.न्यानुए
- 100 ई.पू. – 1हान राजवंश
- 25शिन राजवंश
- 50 – 200हान राजवंश
- 225 – 275पूर्वी वू राज्य
- 300 – 425जिन राजवंश
- 450 – 475लियू सोंग राजवंश
- 500दक्षिणी ची
- 525 – 550लिआंग राजवंश
- 575चेन राजवंश
- 600 – 625सुई राजवंश
- 650 – 900तंग राजवंश
- 925 – 950दक्षिणी वू
- 975दक्षिणी तांग
- 1000 – 1260सोंग राजवंश
- 1280मंगोल साम्राज्य
- 1300 – 1360युआन
- 1380 – 1640मिंग राजवंश
इस अवधि के अन्य मानचित्र
- आविष्कार मानचित्रपेनिसिलिन
- युद्ध मानचित्रद्वितीय इटालो-इथियोपियाई युद्ध
- युद्ध मानचित्रस्पेनी गृहयुद्ध
- युद्ध मानचित्रद्वितीय चीन-जापान युद्ध
- युद्ध मानचित्रद्वितीय विश्वयुद्ध
- युद्ध मानचित्रविंटर वार